About this tabulation

General information

Catalogue number :	97-554-XCB2006052
Release date :	May 1, 2008
Topic :	Housing and shelter costs
Data dimensions :	Geography (Geographic Index) Housing affordability (4) Presence of mortgage (3) Age groups of primary household maintainer (8) Condition of dwelling (4) Housing tenure (3) Household income groups (14) Owner's major payments (14)

Note

Note: Data Quality - Relationship of Census Income Estimates to the National Accounts and Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics

Census income estimates of aggregate income in 2005 were compared to similar personal income estimates from the national accounts. After adjustments to the personal income estimates for differences in concepts and coverage, the census estimate of aggregate income in 2005 from comparable sources was 1.2% lower than the national accounts estimate. As in the past, census estimates for some income components and for some provinces compared more favourably than for others.

Census estimates of aggregate wages and salaries, the largest component of income, were slightly higher (1.0%) than the national accounts estimates. This was partially offset by the difference (-7.8%) between the census estimates of aggregate self-employment income from both farm and non-farm self-employment and the adjusted national accounts figures. Overall, estimates of aggregate employment income or earnings were nearly identical (0.3% difference).

Census estimates of Old Age Security pensions and the Guaranteed Income Supplement were slightly lower (-1.4%), as they were for Canada/Quebec Pension Plan benefits (-0.9%), than adjusted national accounts estimates. Employment Insurance benefits reported in the census were smaller by 6.1%. Census estimates of aggregate child benefits were 2.0% higher than the adjusted national accounts estimates. Census estimates of other government transfer payments, which include such items as social welfare benefits, provincial income supplements to seniors, veterans' pensions and GST/HST/QST refunds, were significantly below (-39.2%) the estimates from the national accounts. Overall, census estimates of aggregate income from all government transfer payments were lower by 12.0%. The census estimate of aggregate investment income in 2005 was slightly lower (-2.7%) than the comparable national accounts estimate. This is a significant improvement when compared to previous census comparisons.

Census income statistics were also compared with similar statistics from the annual Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID). SLID estimates reflect adjustments made for population undercoverage, while census estimates do not include such an adjustment. This adjustment contributes to census estimates showing fewer income recipients (-2.1%) and earners (-1.4%) than SLID estimates. However, due to higher average amounts, census estimates of aggregate earnings are 2.8% higher than the SLID estimate, while the census estimate of aggregate total income of individuals is 2.3% higher. Most of the observed provincial differences were considered acceptable in the light of sampling errors in the Survey. The all-person low income prevalence rates for Canada (excluding the Territories) were almost identical in both sources for the before-tax measure at 15.3% and only slightly higher (0.6 percentage points) in census than SLID for the after-tax rate.

Note: Household universe

The household universe pertains to the person or the group of persons (other than temporary or foreign residents) who occupy a dwelling. Household variables are distinct from dwelling variables, in that the latter ones pertain to dwelling characteristics, not to persons occupying dwellings. For additional information, please refer to the 2006 Census Dictionary, catalogue number 92-566-XWE or 92-566-XPE.

Note: Income suppression

Area suppression is the deletion of all characteristic data for geographic areas with populations below a specified size. Income distributions and related statistics are suppressed if the population in the area, excluding institutional residents, is less than 250 from either the 100% or the 20% database, or if the number of private households is less than 40 from the 20% database.

Tables with income, after-tax income or earnings distributions

Income, after-tax income and earnings distributions have been suppressed where the estimated total number of units (persons, families or households) in the reference year is less than 250. All suppressed cells and associated averages, medians and standard errors of average income, average after-tax income or average earnings have been replaced with zeroes or symbols.

In all cases, suppressed data are included in the appropriate higher aggregate subtotals and totals.

Tables with number and median or average income, after-tax income or earnings

Statistics have been suppressed if the estimated total number of persons (males, females or both sexes) with income, after-tax income or earnings in the reference year is less than 250 persons. All suppressed counts and associated averages and medians have been replaced by zeroes or symbols.

In all cases, suppressed data are included in the appropriate higher aggregate subtotals and totals.

Note: Non-permanent residents and the census universe

In the 2006 Census, non-permanent residents are defined as people from another country who, at the time of the census, held a Work or Study Permit, or who were refugee claimants, as well as family members living in Canada with them. In the 1991, 1996 and 2001 censuses, non-permanent residents also included persons who held a Minister's permit; this was discontinued by Citizenship and Immigration Canada prior to the 2006 Census.

From 1991 on, the Census of Population has enumerated both permanent and non-permanent residents of Canada. Prior to 1991, only permanent residents of Canada were included in the census. (The only exception to this occurred in 1941.) Non-permanent residents were considered foreign residents and were not enumerated.

Total population counts, as well as counts for all variables, are affected by this change in the census universe. Users should be especially careful when comparing data from 1991, 1996, 2001 or 2006 with data from previous censuses in geographic areas where there is a concentration of non-permanent residents.

Today in Canada, non-permanent residents make up a significant segment of the population, especially in several census metropolitan areas. Their presence can affect the demand for such government services as health care, schooling, employment programs and language training. The inclusion of non-permanent residents in the census facilitates comparisons with provincial and territorial statistics (marriages, divorces, births and deaths) which include this population. In addition, this inclusion of non-permanent residents brings Canadian practice closer to the United Nations (UN) recommendation that long-term residents (persons living in a country for one year or longer) be enumerated in the census.

Although every attempt has been made to enumerate non-permanent residents, factors such as language difficulties, the reluctance to complete a government form or to understand the need to participate may have affected the enumeration of this population.

For additional information, please refer to the 2006 Census Dictionary, catalogue number 92-566-XWE or 92-566-XPE.

For counts of the non-permanent resident population in 1991, 2001 and 2006, please refer to the 2006 Census table 97-557-XCB2006006.


Note: Population universe

The population universe of the 2006 Census includes the following groups:
- Canadian citizens (by birth or by naturalization) and landed immigrants with a usual place of residence in Canada;
- Canadian citizens (by birth or by naturalization) and landed immigrants who are abroad, either on a military base or attached to a diplomatic mission;
- Canadian citizens (by birth or by naturalization) and landed immigrants at sea or in port aboard merchant vessels under Canadian registry;
- persons with a usual place of residence in Canada who are claiming refugee status and members of their families living with them;
- persons with a usual place of residence in Canada who hold Study Permits and members of their families living with them;
- persons with a usual place of residence in Canada who hold Work Permits and members of their families living with them.

For census purposes, the last three groups in this list are referred to as 'non-permanent residents'. For further information, refer to the variable Immigration: Non-permanent resident found in the 2006 Census Dictionary, catalogue number 92-566-XWE or 92-566-XPE.

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index Canada Newfoundland and Labrador / Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador St. John's Prince Edward Island / Île-du-Prince-Édouard Nova Scotia / Nouvelle-Écosse Halifax New Brunswick / Nouveau-Brunswick Moncton Saint John Quebec / Québec Saguenay Québec Sherbrooke Trois-Rivières Montréal Ontario Ottawa - Gatineau Ottawa - Gatineau (Que. part - Partie Qc) Ottawa - Gatineau (Ont. part - Partie Ont.) Kingston Peterborough Oshawa Toronto Hamilton St. Catharines - Niagara Kitchener Brantford Guelph London Windsor Barrie Greater Sudbury / Grand Sudbury Thunder Bay Manitoba Winnipeg Saskatchewan Regina Saskatoon Alberta Calgary Edmonton British Columbia / Colombie-Britannique Kelowna Abbotsford Vancouver Victoria Yukon Territory / Territoire du Yukon Northwest Territories / Territoires du Nord-Ouest Nunavut

Housing affordability (4)^{Footnote 1} Total - Housing affordability Spending less than 30% of household income on housing costs Spending 30% or more of household income on housing costs Spending 30% to 99% of household income on housing costs

Presence of mortgage (3)^{Footnote 2} Total - Presence of mortgage With mortgage Without mortgage

Age groups of primary household maintainer (8)^{Footnote 3} Total - Age groups of primary household maintainer Under 25 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 to 74 years 75 years and over

Condition of dwelling (4) Total - Condition of dwelling Regular maintenance only Minor repairs Major repairs

Housing tenure (3) Total - Housing tenure Part of a condominium Not part of a condominium

This table details household income groups , owner's major payments , housing affordability , presence of mortgage , age groups of primary household maintainer , condition of dwelling and housing tenure for the private households with household income greater than zero, in owner-occupied private non-farm, non-reserve dwellings in Canada^{Footnote 4}

Household income groups (14)	Owner's major payments (14)
	Total - Owner's major paymentsFootnote 5	Less than $400	$400 to $599	$600 to $799	$800 to $999	$1,000 to $1,199	$1,200 to $1,399	$1,400 to $1,599	$1,600 to $1,799	$1,800 to $1,999	$2,000 to $2,499	$2,500 or more	Average owner's major payments $	Median owner's major payments $
Total - Household income groupsFootnote 6	8,368,505	1,595,940	1,487,195	933,080	824,715	799,665	708,485	594,695	449,405	317,005	395,585	262,735	998	839
Under $10,000	188,860	61,665	31,990	20,700	16,205	14,170	11,600	9,285	6,715	4,940	6,620	4,985	825	604
$10,000 to $19,999	461,240	203,430	99,350	48,595	31,240	22,700	16,575	12,450	8,255	5,610	7,130	5,910	627	438
$20,000 to $29,999	631,680	240,475	142,310	77,320	51,355	37,010	25,870	18,170	12,220	8,340	10,405	8,205	671	484
$30,000 to $39,999	773,100	230,955	167,260	103,765	82,680	60,530	41,220	29,185	19,185	13,415	14,755	10,145	752	578
$40,000 to $49,999	787,430	189,160	157,930	104,760	95,235	78,260	56,085	37,605	24,080	15,110	17,620	11,575	829	685
$50,000 to $59,999	768,255	152,660	141,890	94,875	97,610	87,890	67,440	47,380	28,680	18,475	19,845	11,510	895	787
$60,000 to $69,999	743,635	122,935	125,410	84,895	92,785	93,200	74,970	56,005	35,795	22,520	22,815	12,315	965	884
$70,000 to $79,999	683,150	94,465	109,485	70,375	79,440	85,580	77,175	60,980	41,905	25,675	26,105	11,960	1,028	969
$80,000 to $89,999	602,815	74,200	92,440	56,855	63,615	74,480	70,715	58,850	43,410	27,120	28,535	12,585	1,084	1,036
$90,000 to $99,999	511,080	56,320	76,130	45,205	49,335	60,305	60,295	53,390	40,860	26,845	29,320	13,070	1,134	1,096
$100,000 and over	2,217,265	169,680	342,990	225,730	165,220	185,540	206,540	211,390	188,295	148,955	212,440	160,470	1,310	1,216
Average household income $	83,949	53,771	76,304	85,062	82,188	84,599	88,591	95,430	103,010	108,994	118,300	157,072	N	N
Median household income $	67,610	43,016	60,167	61,798	63,953	70,615	77,816	84,388	90,982	96,286	104,930	122,512	N	N

Source: Statistics Canada, 2006 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 97-554-XCB2006052.

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Related data

• 2006 Census analysis series:
  Changing Patterns in Canadian Homeownership and Shelter Costs, 2006 Census: Findings
• 2006 Census reference guides and technical reports:
  Housing and Dwelling Characteristics Reference Guide, 2006 Census