Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
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Topic:
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Age
Age characteristics
Commuting
Select all: Commuting
Commuting destination
Commuting duration
Main mode of commuting
Place of work status
Time leaving for work
Education
Select all: Education
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Ethnocultural and religious diversity
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Ethnic or cultural origin
Religion
Visible minority
Families, households, and marital status
Select all: Families, households, and marital status
Family characteristics
Household type
Marital status
Housing
Household characteristics
Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship
Select all: Immigration, place of birth, and citizenship
Admission category and applicant type
Age at immigration
Citizenship
Generation status
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Pre-admission experience
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Income
Select all: Income
Income of economic families in 2020
Income of households in 2020
Income of individuals in 2019
Income of individuals in 2020
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Indigenous peoples
Select all: Indigenous peoples
Indigenous ancestry
Indigenous population
Instruction in the minority official language
Select all: Instruction in the minority official language
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Labour
Select all: Labour
Class of worker including job permanency
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Labour force status
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Work activity during the reference year
Language
Select all: Language
All languages spoken at home
First official language spoken
Knowledge of languages
Knowledge of official languages
Language spoken most often at home
Mother tongue
Other language spoken regularly at home
Language of work
Select all: Language of work
All languages used at work
Language used most often at work
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Mobility and migration
Select all: Mobility and migration
Mobility status 1 year ago
Mobility status 5 years ago
Population and dwelling counts
Population and dwellings
Type of dwelling
Household and dwelling characteristics
GenderMore information:


Statistic:
Characteristic Toronto, City (C)More information:
Ontario
[Census subdivision]
Counts
Total Men+ Women+
Population and dwellings
Population, 20211 2,794,356 ... ...
Population, 20161 2,731,571 ... ...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021 2.3 ... ...
Total private dwellings2 1,253,238 ... ...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents3 1,160,892 ... ...
Population density per square kilometre 4,427.8 ... ...
Land area in square kilometres 631.10 ... ...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data 2,794,355 1,350,865 1,443,490
0 to 14 years 384,295 197,395 186,900
0 to 4 years 123,550 63,380 60,170
5 to 9 years 129,040 66,350 62,690
10 to 14 years 131,710 67,665 64,040
15 to 64 years 1,933,075 945,475 987,600
15 to 19 years 134,810 69,135 65,675
20 to 24 years 185,650 93,740 91,915
25 to 29 years 243,955 121,370 122,585
30 to 34 years 246,785 122,845 123,935
35 to 39 years 213,810 105,070 108,740
40 to 44 years 185,820 88,905 96,910
45 to 49 years 175,875 82,600 93,275
50 to 54 years 184,060 87,130 96,925
55 to 59 years 191,380 92,710 98,665
60 to 64 years 170,935 81,960 88,970
65 years and over 476,985 207,995 268,990
65 to 69 years 141,550 65,525 76,025
70 to 74 years 118,910 53,985 64,930
75 to 79 years 81,880 36,035 45,850
80 to 84 years 62,790 26,000 36,785
85 years and over 71,855 26,455 45,400
85 to 89 years 42,430 16,995 25,435
90 to 94 years 22,155 7,545 14,610
95 to 99 years 6,400 1,720 4,675
100 years and over 875 195 680
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data 100.0 100.0 100.0
0 to 14 years 13.8 14.6 12.9
15 to 64 years 69.2 70.0 68.4
65 years and over 17.1 15.4 18.6
85 years and over 2.6 2.0 3.1
Average age of the population 41.5 40.3 42.6
Median age of the population 39.6 38.4 41.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data 1,160,890 ... ...
Single-detached house 270,490 ... ...
Semi-detached house 71,955 ... ...
Row house 62,915 ... ...
Apartment or flat in a duplex 47,810 ... ...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys 162,245 ... ...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys 542,625 ... ...
Other single-attached house 2,770 ... ...
Movable dwelling4 85 ... ...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data 1,160,895 ... ...
1 person 385,765 ... ...
2 persons 353,415 ... ...
3 persons 178,225 ... ...
4 persons 147,360 ... ...
5 or more persons 96,120 ... ...
Number of persons in private households 2,761,285 1,336,430 1,424,855
Average household size 2.4 ... ...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data 2,410,060 1,153,470 1,256,590
Married or living common-law 1,213,410 610,400 603,015
Married 1,020,980 511,485 509,505
Living common-law 192,430 98,920 93,510
Living common law - Never married 155,085 79,230 75,855
Living common law - Separated 5,745 3,350 2,400
Living common law - Divorced 29,020 15,200 13,825
Living common law - Widowed 2,580 1,145 1,440
Not married and not living common-law 1,196,645 543,075 653,575
Not married and not living common law - Never married 853,580 437,820 415,760
Not married and not living common law - Separated 67,320 27,225 40,095
Not married and not living common law - Divorced 154,535 55,725 98,805
Not married and not living common law - Widowed 121,210 22,300 98,910
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data5 733,225 ... ...
2 persons 362,160 ... ...
3 persons 174,070 ... ...
4 persons 141,635 ... ...
5 or more persons 55,360 ... ...
Average size of census families 2.9 ... ...
Average number of children in census families with children6 1.7 ... ...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data 733,220 ... ...
Total couple families 580,590 ... ...
Married couples 484,435 ... ...
With children6 288,375 ... ...
Without children 196,060 ... ...
Common-law couples 96,155 ... ...
With children6 24,805 ... ...
Without children 71,350 ... ...
Total one-parent families 152,635 ... ...
in which the parent is a woman+ 127,560 ... ...
in which the parent is a man+ 25,075 ... ...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data 2,761,290 1,336,430 1,424,855
Total - Persons in census families 2,108,975 1,030,460 1,078,515
Married spouses or common-law partners 1,161,175 584,390 576,785
Parents in one-parent families 152,635 25,075 127,560
Children6 795,165 420,995 374,170
In a two-parent family 560,345 295,780 264,560
In a one-parent family 234,820 125,210 109,615
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data 652,310 305,970 346,345
Living alone 385,765 172,230 213,540
Living with other relatives7 93,005 36,350 56,655
Living with non-relatives only 173,540 97,395 76,150
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data 1,160,895 ... ...
One-census-family households without additional persons 608,930 ... ...
Couple-family households 493,770 ... ...
With children6 265,950 ... ...
Without children 227,825 ... ...
One-parent-family households 115,160 ... ...
Multigenerational households8 40,515 ... ...
Multiple-census-family households9 9,920 ... ...
One-census-family households with additional persons9 41,030 ... ...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households 74,730 ... ...
One-person households 385,765 ... ...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data10 2,377,950 1,139,545 1,238,405
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 2,267,990 1,084,035 1,183,950
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($) 39,200 42,000 37,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 2,268,960 1,084,545 1,184,415
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($) 36,000 38,000 34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 1,971,475 961,465 1,010,015
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($) 35,600 40,400 31,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 1,628,895 818,820 810,075
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($) 38,800 42,800 34,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 2,073,950 980,850 1,093,100
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($) 8,500 6,600 9,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 215,780 93,240 122,550
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($) 5,560 5,520 5,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data 751,475 369,900 381,575
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($) 10,000 10,000 10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data11 2,377,950 1,139,355 1,238,590
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 2,268,720 1,084,315 1,184,405
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($) 62,050 71,900 53,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 2,269,665 1,084,780 1,184,885
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($) 49,080 54,800 43,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 1,972,460 962,230 1,010,235
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($) 60,300 71,400 49,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 1,628,885 818,905 809,980
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($) 60,100 70,100 50,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 2,074,670 981,145 1,093,525
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($) 10,500 9,390 11,490
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 214,715 93,140 121,570
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($) 6,470 5,970 6,840
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data 751,260 370,340 380,925
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($) 10,060 10,090 10,030
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data12 2,377,945 1,139,355 1,238,590
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data13 764,215 409,545 354,675
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)14 69,500 74,000 65,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)15 95,900 107,900 82,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data16 628,025 294,775 333,255
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($) 17,200 18,200 16,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($) 31,080 35,560 27,160
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data17 100.0 100.0 100.0
Market income (%)18 84.6 88.2 80.0
Employment income (%)19 69.6 73.6 64.6
Government transfers (%)20 15.5 11.8 20.0
Employment insurance benefits (%) 1.0 0.7 1.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%) 5.9 5.1 6.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%) 5.4 4.8 6.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data21 2,377,950 1,139,540 1,238,410
Without total income 109,960 55,505 54,450
With total income 2,267,990 1,084,035 1,183,955
Under $10,000 (including loss) 211,890 95,345 116,545
$10,000 to $19,999 278,135 128,640 149,490
$20,000 to $29,999 383,760 173,415 210,345
$30,000 to $39,999 278,910 123,895 155,015
$40,000 to $49,999 221,305 99,630 121,675
$50,000 to $59,999 177,155 80,720 96,430
$60,000 to $69,999 138,600 65,425 73,180
$70,000 to $79,999 111,165 54,305 56,865
$80,000 to $89,999 90,210 47,155 43,055
$90,000 to $99,999 73,405 38,500 34,900
$100,000 and over 303,450 176,995 126,450
$100,000 to $149,999 174,940 95,315 79,625
$150,000 and over 128,510 81,685 46,825
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data22 2,377,950 1,139,540 1,238,410
Without after-tax income 108,985 54,995 53,995
With after-tax income 2,268,965 1,084,545 1,184,420
Under $10,000 (including loss) 219,695 98,860 120,830
$10,000 to $19,999 290,385 135,125 155,265
$20,000 to $29,999 427,315 192,875 234,435
$30,000 to $39,999 317,215 143,540 173,680
$40,000 to $49,999 254,390 116,075 138,315
$50,000 to $59,999 191,895 89,410 102,485
$60,000 to $69,999 144,175 71,035 73,140
$70,000 to $79,999 107,625 56,265 51,360
$80,000 to $89,999 85,860 43,655 42,210
$90,000 to $99,999 54,710 29,750 24,955
$100,000 and over 175,685 107,950 67,735
$100,000 to $124,999 72,650 41,585 31,060
$125,000 and over 103,035 66,370 36,670
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data19 2,377,950 1,139,540 1,238,410
Without employment income 749,060 320,720 428,335
With employment income 1,628,890 818,815 810,070
Under $5,000 (including loss) 233,535 111,890 121,640
$5,000 to $9,999 149,810 68,255 81,550
$10,000 to $19,999 182,800 85,935 96,860
$20,000 to $29,999 134,370 63,055 71,310
$30,000 to $39,999 131,130 63,285 67,845
$40,000 to $49,999 128,965 61,660 67,305
$50,000 to $59,999 117,230 56,800 60,430
$60,000 to $69,999 98,370 49,625 48,745
$70,000 to $79,999 81,720 41,950 39,765
$80,000 to $89,999 69,910 38,470 31,440
$90,000 to $99,999 61,540 32,370 29,175
$100,000 and over 239,510 145,510 94,000
$100,000 to $124,999 94,895 52,690 42,210
$125,000 and over 144,610 92,825 51,790
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data23 2,377,950 1,139,545 1,238,405
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data 2,210,875 1,054,040 1,156,835
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($) 36,400 39,600 33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data 2,211,340 1,054,160 1,157,180
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($) 33,600 36,000 31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data 1,937,590 943,240 994,350
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($) 37,200 41,600 33,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data 1,619,820 811,895 807,930
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($) 39,200 42,800 36,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data 1,945,410 918,155 1,027,255
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($) 1,300 870 2,440
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data 112,960 44,865 68,095
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($) 6,080 5,640 6,400
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data24 2,377,950 1,139,355 1,238,590
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data 2,211,540 1,054,250 1,157,290
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($) 59,500 70,400 49,480
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data 2,211,955 1,054,335 1,157,620
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($) 46,960 53,600 40,920
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data 1,937,680 943,545 994,135
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($) 61,500 73,700 49,960
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data 1,620,165 812,015 808,145
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($) 60,200 70,700 49,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data 1,946,775 919,240 1,027,530
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($) 6,335 5,108 7,430
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data 113,735 44,895 68,835
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($) 7,670 6,680 8,310
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data25 2,377,945 1,139,355 1,238,590
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data13 753,570 403,225 350,345
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)14 64,000 68,000 60,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)15 90,200 103,200 75,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data16 585,965 275,395 310,575
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($) 24,400 25,800 23,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($) 38,040 43,120 33,520
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data 100.0 100.0 100.0
Market income (%) 90.6 93.6 86.6
Employment income (%) 74.2 77.2 70.2
Government transfers (%) 9.4 6.3 13.3
Employment insurance benefits (%) 0.7 0.4 1.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data26 1,160,895 ... ...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($) 84,000 ... ...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($) 74,000 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data 385,765 ... ...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($) 45,200 ... ...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($) 40,400 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data 775,125 ... ...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($) 107,000 ... ...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($) 94,000 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data27 1,160,890 ... ...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($) 121,200 ... ...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($) 96,000 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data 385,525 ... ...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($) 63,850 ... ...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($) 51,200 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data 775,365 ... ...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($) 149,800 ... ...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($) 118,300 ... ...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data21 1,160,890 ... ...
Under $5,000 21,975 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 10,700 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 18,325 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 23,970 ... ...
$20,000 to $24,999 52,135 ... ...
$25,000 to $29,999 40,010 ... ...
$30,000 to $34,999 38,210 ... ...
$35,000 to $39,999 39,540 ... ...
$40,000 to $44,999 39,320 ... ...
$45,000 to $49,999 39,335 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 78,920 ... ...
$60,000 to $69,999 77,155 ... ...
$70,000 to $79,999 72,540 ... ...
$80,000 to $89,999 68,900 ... ...
$90,000 to $99,999 62,465 ... ...
$100,000 and over 477,390 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 126,785 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 90,785 ... ...
$150,000 to $199,999 112,045 ... ...
$200,000 and over 147,770 ... ...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data22 1,160,890 ... ...
Under $5,000 24,205 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 10,965 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 18,670 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 25,555 ... ...
$20,000 to $24,999 55,350 ... ...
$25,000 to $29,999 44,335 ... ...
$30,000 to $34,999 43,080 ... ...
$35,000 to $39,999 45,405 ... ...
$40,000 to $44,999 46,380 ... ...
$45,000 to $49,999 47,410 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 94,635 ... ...
$60,000 to $69,999 90,850 ... ...
$70,000 to $79,999 84,155 ... ...
$80,000 to $89,999 76,730 ... ...
$90,000 to $99,999 65,450 ... ...
$100,000 and over 387,715 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 125,030 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 84,425 ... ...
$150,000 and over 178,260 ... ...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data28 723,990 ... ...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($) 106,000 ... ...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($) 94,000 ... ...
Average family size of economic families 3.0 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data 238,385 ... ...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($) 100,000 ... ...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($) 87,000 ... ...
Average family size of couple-only economic families 2.0 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data 313,995 ... ...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($) 133,000 ... ...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($) 116,000 ... ...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families 4.0 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data 138,855 ... ...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($) 71,500 ... ...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($) 66,000 ... ...
Average family size of one-parent economic families 2.7 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data29 559,305 269,620 289,685
Median total income in 2020 ($)30 39,200 38,800 39,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)30 35,600 35,200 36,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data31 723,485 ... ...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($) 151,400 ... ...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($) 118,700 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data 238,080 ... ...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($) 142,400 ... ...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($) 110,100 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data 314,490 ... ...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($) 189,000 ... ...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($) 145,600 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data 138,050 ... ...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($) 89,200 ... ...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($) 77,100 ... ...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data32 558,720 268,480 290,245
Average total income in 2020 ($)30 55,950 57,400 54,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)30 45,680 46,200 45,240
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data33 2,761,285 1,336,425 1,424,855
0 to 17 years 461,810 237,260 224,550
0 to 5 years 148,485 76,170 72,320
18 to 64 years 1,842,580 897,600 944,980
65 years and over 456,895 201,570 255,325
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) 363,955 170,110 193,845
0 to 17 years 67,725 34,800 32,925
0 to 5 years 22,175 11,260 10,910
18 to 64 years 218,825 104,895 113,925
65 years and over 77,410 30,410 47,005
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%) 13.2 12.7 13.6
0 to 17 years (%) 14.7 14.7 14.7
0 to 5 years (%) 14.9 14.8 15.1
18 to 64 years (%) 11.9 11.7 12.1
65 years and over (%) 16.9 15.1 18.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data33 2,761,290 1,336,430 1,424,855
0 to 17 years 461,805 237,255 224,550
0 to 5 years 148,485 76,165 72,315
18 to 64 years 1,842,585 897,605 944,975
65 years and over 456,895 201,565 255,330
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) 241,110 122,080 119,030
0 to 17 years 35,500 18,215 17,290
0 to 5 years 11,610 5,845 5,765
18 to 64 years 179,925 92,890 87,040
65 years and over 25,685 10,980 14,705
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%) 8.7 9.1 8.4
0 to 17 years (%) 7.7 7.7 7.7
0 to 5 years (%) 7.8 7.7 8.0
18 to 64 years (%) 9.8 10.4 9.2
65 years and over (%) 5.6 5.5 5.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data34The letter 'c' in a yellow triangle indicates a correction notice. 2,761,285 1,336,425 1,424,855
In bottom half of the distribution 1,385,785 657,800 727,980
In bottom decile 348,260 169,275 178,980
In second decile 287,815 133,480 154,340
In third decile 265,075 124,965 140,110
In fourth decile 245,925 116,600 129,330
In fifth decile 238,700 113,485 125,215
In top half of the distribution 1,375,505 678,625 696,880
In sixth decile 234,350 112,690 121,660
In seventh decile 236,815 114,510 122,300
In eighth decile 245,465 120,335 125,125
In ninth decile 268,615 133,080 135,530
In top decile 390,265 198,000 192,265
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data35 2,761,290 ... ...
Gini index on adjusted household total income 0.437 ... ...
Gini index on adjusted household market income 0.555 ... ...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income 0.371 ... ...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income 4.7 ... ...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data36 2,772,630 1,341,750 1,430,880
English only 2,409,655 1,187,180 1,222,480
French only 2,555 1,125 1,430
English and French 236,915 104,325 132,595
Neither English nor French 123,505 49,120 74,380
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data37 2,772,630 1,341,750 1,430,880
English 2,590,345 1,265,255 1,325,090
French 38,695 18,240 20,460
English and French 22,190 10,120 12,070
Neither English nor French 121,390 48,135 73,260
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data38 2,772,630 1,341,750 1,430,880
Single responses 2,588,520 1,253,850 1,334,665
Official languages 1,425,805 711,505 714,295
English 1,391,685 695,305 696,380
French 34,115 16,200 17,920
Non-official languages 1,162,715 542,350 620,370
Indigenous languages39 265 130 145
Algonquian languages 225 105 120
Blackfoot 0 0 0
Cree-Innu languages 75 35 45
Atikamekw 0 0 0
Cree languages 70 35 40
Ililimowin (Moose Cree) 5 0 0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree) 0 0 0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree) 0 0 0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree) 25 5 20
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree) 0 0 0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree) 5 5 5
Cree, n.o.s. 30 15 15
Innu (Montagnais) 0 0 0
Naskapi 0 0 0
Eastern Algonquian languages 10 5 0
Mi'kmaq 10 5 0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite) 0 0 0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 140 70 75
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin) 0 0 0
Oji-Cree 5 0 0
Ojibway languages 135 70 65
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa) 20 10 10
Daawaamwin (Odawa) 5 0 5
Saulteau (Western Ojibway) 0 0 0
Ojibway, n.o.s. 105 50 50
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages 5 5 5
Northern Athabaskan languages 5 5 5
Dakelh (Carrier) 0 0 0
Dane-zaa (Beaver) 0 0 0
Dene, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Gwich'in 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages 5 0 5
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey) 0 0 0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey) 5 0 5
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0
Tahltan 0 0 0
Tlicho (Dogrib) 0 0 0
Tse'khene (Sekani) 0 0 0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin) 0 0 0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi) 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0
Tutchone, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine 0 0 0
Tlingit 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Haida 0 0 0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages 10 5 10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0
Inuinnaqtun 0 0 0
Inuvialuktun 0 0 0
Inuktitut 15 5 10
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages 10 5 5
Cayuga 0 0 0
Mohawk 15 5 5
Oneida 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai) 0 0 0
Michif 5 0 0
Salish languages 0 0 0
Halkomelem 0 0 0
Lillooet 0 0 0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson) 0 0 0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap) 0 0 0
Squamish 0 0 0
Straits 0 0 0
Syilx (Okanagan) 0 0 0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Siouan languages 0 0 0
Assiniboine 0 0 0
Dakota 0 0 0
Stoney 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 5
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0
Nisga'a 0 0 5
Tsimshian 0 0 0
Wakashan languages 0 0 0
Haisla 0 0 0
Heiltsuk 0 0 0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl) 0 0 0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s. 5 5 0
Non-Indigenous languages 1,162,445 542,225 620,225
Afro-Asiatic languages 70,715 35,165 35,550
Berber languages 115 70 45
Kabyle 75 40 35
Tamazight 30 20 5
Berber languages, n.i.e. 10 5 5
Chadic languages 205 135 75
Hausa 190 125 65
Mina 15 10 5
Coptic 40 20 25
Cushitic languages 12,110 5,465 6,645
Bilen 130 75 60
Oromo 875 420 450
Somali 11,020 4,925 6,100
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 80 45 35
Semitic languages 58,240 29,480 28,765
Amharic 7,465 3,405 4,065
Arabic 32,985 17,385 15,600
Aramaic languages 5,335 2,555 2,785
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 4,195 1,975 2,220
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 945 475 470
Aramaic, n.o.s. 195 105 90
Harari 700 310 390
Hebrew 4,210 2,280 1,930
Maltese 1,090 525 570
Tigrigna 6,310 2,950 3,360
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 140 75 65
Austro-Asiatic languages 28,750 12,695 16,050
Khmer (Cambodian) 1,230 540 685
Vietnamese 27,445 12,125 15,320
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 75 35 40
Austronesian languages 102,870 41,175 61,695
Bikol 330 145 190
Bisaya, n.o.s. 1,385 580 810
Cebuano 2,750 1,095 1,660
Fijian 10 5 0
Hiligaynon 2,140 840 1,305
Ilocano 9,165 3,735 5,430
Indonesian 1,905 850 1,055
Kankanaey 245 110 135
Kinaray-a 185 75 110
Malagasy languages 20 10 15
Merina 5 0 0
Malagasy, n.o.s. 15 5 10
Malay 195 95 100
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 875 400 480
Pangasinan 450 180 265
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 82,185 32,660 49,530
Waray-Waray 270 105 170
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 755 305 450
Creole languages 2,720 1,235 1,480
Haitian Creole 720 315 405
Jamaican English Creole 150 65 85
Krio 100 45 60
Morisyen 565 265 300
Sango 0 0 0
Creole, n.o.s. 765 350 415
Creole languages, n.i.e. 420 200 215
Dravidian languages 67,995 34,355 33,640
Kannada 1,185 600 575
Malayalam 7,290 4,225 3,065
Tamil 52,905 25,655 27,250
Telugu 6,450 3,790 2,660
Tulu 115 60 60
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 50 25 25
Georgian 1,095 590 505
Hmong-Mien languages 10 5 5
Indo-European languages 571,820 274,720 297,095
Albanian 9,195 4,540 4,660
Armenian 7,615 3,645 3,970
Balto-Slavic languages 105,980 47,080 58,905
Baltic languages 2,645 1,030 1,610
Latvian 1,165 450 715
Lithuanian 1,480 585 895
Slavic languages 103,340 46,045 57,290
Belarusian 135 55 80
Bulgarian 3,830 1,780 2,050
Czech 2,410 1,075 1,335
Macedonian 5,090 2,400 2,690
Polish 20,795 8,965 11,835
Russian 33,770 14,690 19,080
Rusyn 20 10 10
Serbo-Croatian 19,275 9,060 10,210
Bosnian 1,295 620 675
Croatian 4,990 2,220 2,775
Serbian 12,630 6,055 6,575
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e. 365 170 190
Slovak 2,765 1,290 1,475
Slovene (Slovenian) 1,425 575 850
Ukrainian 13,740 6,100 7,640
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 65 35 30
Celtic languages 195 100 100
Irish 95 55 40
Scottish Gaelic 35 20 15
Welsh 50 20 35
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 15 10 5
Germanic languages 17,060 7,825 9,230
Frisian 30 15 15
High German languages 12,605 5,640 6,970
German 10,700 4,765 5,930
Pennsylvania German 10 5 0
Swiss German 305 130 170
Yiddish 1,600 735 865
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages 3,005 1,520 1,480
Afrikaans 450 245 200
Dutch 2,430 1,215 1,210
Low German, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Low Saxon 5 0 5
Plautdietsch 20 10 10
Vlaams (Flemish) 100 45 50
Scandinavian languages 1,375 625 755
Danish 535 235 300
Icelandic 50 25 20
Norwegian 190 80 105
Swedish 610 285 330
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 40 20 15
Greek 23,540 11,110 12,435
Indo-Iranian languages 207,390 106,275 101,105
Indo-Aryan languages 150,130 77,905 72,230
Assamese 115 60 55
Bengali 31,335 16,040 15,290
Gujarati 27,090 14,195 12,895
Hindi 22,300 12,140 10,165
Kacchi 1,575 675 900
Kashmiri 90 45 45
Konkani 745 365 380
Marathi 3,025 1,605 1,415
Nepali 3,275 1,670 1,605
Oriya languages 495 275 225
Odia 305 170 135
Oriya, n.o.s. 190 100 90
Punjabi (Panjabi) 21,230 11,065 10,170
Rohingya 15 0 10
Sindhi 550 285 265
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 3,260 1,605 1,655
Urdu 34,460 17,555 16,905
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e. 575 320 255
Iranian languages 57,210 28,350 28,860
Baluchi 90 50 40
Kurdish 1,865 1,085 780
Parsi 125 70 50
Pashto 4,390 2,285 2,105
Persian languages 50,490 24,715 25,770
Dari 10,715 5,190 5,525
Iranian Persian 34,575 16,910 17,665
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s. 5,200 2,620 2,585
Iranian languages, n.i.e. 245 140 110
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 50 30 20
Italic (Romance) languages 200,780 94,110 106,665
Catalan 120 55 60
Italian 50,995 23,065 27,930
Portuguese 60,360 28,845 31,510
Romanian 10,510 4,765 5,740
Spanish 78,575 37,275 41,295
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 225 100 120
Indo-European languages, n.i.e. 65 35 30
Japanese 6,740 2,170 4,570
Korean 32,805 14,550 18,250
Mongolian 310 145 165
Niger-Congo languages 14,070 6,585 7,485
Akan (Twi) 3,640 1,685 1,955
Bamanankan 50 25 20
Edo 550 210 345
Éwé 125 75 55
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 205 95 105
Ga 165 80 90
Ganda 645 300 345
Gikuyu 150 70 85
Igbo 790 410 380
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 325 135 185
Lingala 215 95 120
Luba-Kasai 20 5 15
Mòoré 10 10 0
Mwani 85 45 40
Ndebele 100 45 55
Rundi (Kirundi) 240 105 130
Shona 370 175 190
Soninke 155 90 65
Sotho-Tswana languages 100 30 70
Swahili 2,255 1,050 1,210
Wojenaka 20 10 10
Wolof 145 70 75
Yoruba 2,495 1,195 1,295
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 1,220 575 645
Nilo-Saharan languages 360 190 170
Dinka 35 20 10
Nuer 10 10 5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 240 120 120
African, n.o.s. 70 40 35
Sign languages 430 225 215
American Sign Language 365 185 180
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0
Sign languages, n.i.e. 70 40 35
Sino-Tibetan languages 233,845 104,960 128,890
Chinese languages 227,685 101,945 125,740
Hakka 2,475 1,125 1,355
Mandarin 112,620 50,370 62,245
Min Dong 485 245 240
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 4,475 1,985 2,490
Wu (Shanghainese) 1,750 775 975
Yue (Cantonese) 103,530 46,375 57,150
Chinese, n.o.s. 2,240 1,010 1,230
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 110 50 55
Tibeto-Burman languages 6,080 2,980 3,100
Burmese 540 260 275
Kuki-Chin languages 5 0 10
Karenic languages 215 100 120
S'gaw Karen 175 80 95
Karenic languages, n.i.e. 40 15 20
Tibetan 5,155 2,535 2,620
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 165 90 75
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. 80 35 45
Tai-Kadai languages 1,745 650 1,100
Lao 600 295 310
Thai 1,065 330 730
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. 75 25 60
Turkic languages 13,515 7,230 6,290
Azerbaijani 1,280 705 570
Kazakh 145 65 80
Turkish 11,225 6,040 5,190
Uyghur 265 115 150
Uzbek 395 200 195
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 205 100 105
Uralic languages 12,495 5,505 6,990
Estonian 1,495 610 885
Finnish 1,090 405 685
Hungarian 9,915 4,490 5,415
Other languages, n.i.e. 170 80 85
Multiple responses 184,110 87,895 96,215
English and French 12,390 5,945 6,450
English and non-official language(s) 149,250 71,920 77,330
French and non-official language(s) 3,630 1,625 2,000
English, French and non-official language(s) 3,875 1,795 2,080
Multiple non-official languages 14,965 6,610 8,355
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data40 2,772,630 1,341,750 1,430,880
English 1,485,800 737,765 748,035
French 9,195 4,355 4,835
Non-official language 369,860 169,255 200,610
Indigenous39 40 15 20
Non-Indigenous 369,820 169,240 200,580
English and French 33,080 15,330 17,750
English and non-official language(s) 809,180 385,785 423,400
French and non-official language(s) 2,020 870 1,150
English, French and non-official language(s) 27,745 12,255 15,495
Multiple non-official languages 35,750 16,140 19,610
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data41 2,772,630 1,341,750 1,430,880
Single responses 2,569,065 1,245,330 1,323,735
Official languages 1,855,810 912,035 943,770
English 1,839,730 904,470 935,265
French 16,070 7,565 8,510
Non-official languages 713,255 333,295 379,960
Indigenous languages39 80 35 45
Algonquian languages 70 30 45
Blackfoot 0 0 0
Cree-Innu languages 25 10 20
Atikamekw 0 0 0
Cree languages 25 10 20
Ililimowin (Moose Cree) 0 0 0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree) 0 0 0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree) 0 0 0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree) 10 5 5
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree) 5 0 5
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree) 5 0 5
Cree, n.o.s. 10 5 10
Innu (Montagnais) 0 0 0
Naskapi 0 0 0
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite) 0 0 0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 40 15 25
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin) 0 0 0
Oji-Cree 5 0 0
Ojibway languages 40 15 25
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa) 5 0 5
Daawaamwin (Odawa) 0 0 0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway) 0 0 0
Ojibway, n.o.s. 30 15 15
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages 0 0 0
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0
Dakelh (Carrier) 0 0 0
Dane-zaa (Beaver) 0 0 0
Dene, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Gwich'in 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey) 0 0 0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey) 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0
Tahltan 0 0 0
Tlicho (Dogrib) 0 0 0
Tse'khene (Sekani) 0 0 0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin) 0 0 0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi) 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0
Tutchone, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine 0 0 0
Tlingit 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Haida 0 0 0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages 0 0 0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0
Inuinnaqtun 0 0 0
Inuvialuktun 0 0 0
Inuktitut 0 0 0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages 5 0 5
Cayuga 0 0 0
Mohawk 5 0 5
Oneida 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai) 0 0 0
Michif 0 0 0
Salish languages 0 0 0
Halkomelem 0 0 0
Lillooet 0 0 0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson) 0 0 0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap) 0 0 0
Squamish 0 0 0
Straits 0 0 0
Syilx (Okanagan) 0 0 0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Siouan languages 0 0 0
Assiniboine 0 0 0
Dakota 0 0 0
Stoney 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0
Nisga'a 0 0 0
Tsimshian 0 0 0
Wakashan languages 0 0 0
Haisla 0 0 0
Heiltsuk 0 0 0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl) 0 0 0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Non-Indigenous languages 713,175 333,260 379,915
Afro-Asiatic languages 39,890 18,995 20,900
Berber languages 45 30 20
Kabyle 25 15 15
Tamazight 10 5 0
Berber languages, n.i.e. 15 10 5
Chadic languages 125 70 55
Hausa 115 65 45
Mina 10 5 5
Coptic 20 10 5
Cushitic languages 7,140 3,190 3,955
Bilen 95 55 40
Oromo 495 230 270
Somali 6,515 2,895 3,625
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 30 15 20
Semitic languages 32,565 15,700 16,865
Amharic 3,940 1,755 2,185
Arabic 18,060 8,910 9,150
Aramaic languages 4,345 2,080 2,265
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 3,485 1,655 1,825
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 730 355 375
Aramaic, n.o.s. 130 65 65
Harari 385 170 220
Hebrew 1,630 845 790
Maltese 275 125 145
Tigrigna 3,870 1,795 2,075
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 60 30 25
Austro-Asiatic languages 19,895 8,890 11,000
Khmer (Cambodian) 730 315 415
Vietnamese 19,130 8,560 10,570
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 35 15 20
Austronesian languages 62,525 26,740 35,790
Bikol 145 60 85
Bisaya, n.o.s. 735 305 430
Cebuano 1,575 670 905
Fijian 5 10 0
Hiligaynon 1,235 535 700
Ilocano 5,385 2,385 2,995
Indonesian 685 320 360
Kankanaey 130 60 70
Kinaray-a 85 45 45
Malagasy languages 0 0 0
Merina 0 0 0
Malagasy, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Malay 60 35 30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 455 210 245
Pangasinan 160 70 85
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 51,355 21,815 29,535
Waray-Waray 120 40 70
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 395 175 225
Creole languages 1,485 650 830
Haitian Creole 400 165 235
Jamaican English Creole 80 30 50
Krio 50 20 25
Morisyen 430 205 225
Sango 0 0 0
Creole, n.o.s. 350 155 195
Creole languages, n.i.e. 175 75 100
Dravidian languages 49,945 24,780 25,165
Kannada 520 270 250
Malayalam 4,505 2,545 1,960
Tamil 40,825 19,600 21,225
Telugu 4,055 2,345 1,710
Tulu 25 10 10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 20 5 15
Georgian 765 405 355
Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0
Indo-European languages 319,375 152,430 166,945
Albanian 4,390 2,170 2,225
Armenian 5,090 2,395 2,690
Balto-Slavic languages 53,790 24,470 29,325
Baltic languages 705 280 425
Latvian 285 115 175
Lithuanian 425 170 255
Slavic languages 53,085 24,185 28,900
Belarusian 40 20 20
Bulgarian 1,940 915 1,025
Czech 805 360 445
Macedonian 2,275 1,050 1,225
Polish 8,710 3,875 4,835
Russian 21,060 9,415 11,645
Rusyn 5 0 0
Serbo-Croatian 9,715 4,605 5,110
Bosnian 595 265 330
Croatian 1,815 815 1,005
Serbian 7,150 3,455 3,695
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e. 150 70 80
Slovak 1,475 735 740
Slovene (Slovenian) 335 130 205
Ukrainian 6,720 3,075 3,640
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 15 10 5
Celtic languages 25 15 15
Irish 15 10 5
Scottish Gaelic 0 0 5
Welsh 5 0 5
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Germanic languages 2,160 1,015 1,145
Frisian 0 0 0
High German languages 1,530 700 830
German 1,290 590 695
Pennsylvania German 0 0 0
Swiss German 60 30 30
Yiddish 185 80 100
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages 430 220 215
Afrikaans 125 65 60
Dutch 290 145 145
Low German, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Low Saxon 0 0 0
Plautdietsch 0 0 0
Vlaams (Flemish) 10 5 5
Scandinavian languages 195 95 100
Danish 55 25 35
Icelandic 0 0 5
Norwegian 30 10 15
Swedish 110 55 55
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Greek 11,130 4,965 6,165
Indo-Iranian languages 134,850 67,805 67,045
Indo-Aryan languages 96,005 49,180 46,825
Assamese 50 30 25
Bengali 20,505 10,255 10,250
Gujarati 18,045 9,355 8,690
Hindi 12,995 6,990 6,000
Kacchi 770 335 435
Kashmiri 35 15 25
Konkani 190 95 95
Marathi 1,470 760 710
Nepali 2,235 1,150 1,085
Oriya languages 270 145 120
Odia 170 90 80
Oriya, n.o.s. 95 55 40
Punjabi (Panjabi) 14,450 7,555 6,890
Rohingya 10 5 10
Sindhi 240 115 125
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 1,750 875 870
Urdu 22,650 11,320 11,325
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e. 340 180 165
Iranian languages 38,835 18,610 20,225
Baluchi 75 40 35
Kurdish 1,045 570 480
Parsi 60 25 40
Pashto 3,230 1,655 1,575
Persian languages 34,250 16,225 18,025
Dari 7,145 3,340 3,810
Iranian Persian 23,600 11,195 12,405
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s. 3,500 1,685 1,810
Iranian languages, n.i.e. 170 100 70
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 15 5 10
Italic (Romance) languages 107,915 49,595 58,320
Catalan 50 20 25
Italian 21,040 8,375 12,665
Portuguese 35,625 17,105 18,520
Romanian 4,755 2,150 2,600
Spanish 46,355 21,900 24,455
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 100 40 55
Indo-European languages, n.i.e. 20 10 10
Japanese 3,105 1,280 1,825
Korean 23,115 10,510 12,605
Mongolian 185 100 90
Niger-Congo languages 5,745 2,605 3,140
Akan (Twi) 1,925 835 1,090
Bamanankan 30 15 15
Edo 135 50 85
Éwé 35 15 15
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 95 40 55
Ga 65 25 35
Ganda 200 95 110
Gikuyu 35 20 15
Igbo 215 105 115
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 130 60 70
Lingala 95 45 55
Luba-Kasai 5 5 5
Mòoré 0 0 0
Mwani 30 15 15
Ndebele 40 20 20
Rundi (Kirundi) 130 60 70
Shona 95 40 60
Soninke 85 55 30
Sotho-Tswana languages 35 15 20
Swahili 1,005 455 555
Wojenaka 5 5 0
Wolof 50 25 25
Yoruba 935 425 510
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 355 180 180
Nilo-Saharan languages 125 60 70
Dinka 10 10 5
Nuer 10 5 5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 80 35 45
African, n.o.s. 25 15 10
Sign languages 860 500 355
American Sign Language 635 385 255
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0
Sign languages, n.i.e. 225 115 110
Sino-Tibetan languages 172,010 78,390 93,615
Chinese languages 167,280 76,080 91,200
Hakka 1,075 475 600
Mandarin 86,150 39,880 46,265
Min Dong 330 160 170
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 2,270 1,000 1,265
Wu (Shanghainese) 1,130 515 615
Yue (Cantonese) 74,845 33,360 41,490
Chinese, n.o.s. 1,430 655 770
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 45 25 20
Tibeto-Burman languages 4,700 2,305 2,400
Burmese 330 155 170
Kuki-Chin languages 5 0 0
Karenic languages 145 65 75
S'gaw Karen 110 55 55
Karenic languages, n.i.e. 30 10 15
Tibetan 4,120 2,030 2,090
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 100 50 55
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. 30 10 20
Tai-Kadai languages 770 340 430
Lao 275 135 140
Thai 450 190 265
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. 45 15 25
Turkic languages 8,360 4,310 4,045
Azerbaijani 690 350 335
Kazakh 10 10 5
Turkish 7,155 3,705 3,455
Uyghur 185 90 100
Uzbek 225 115 110
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 90 45 50
Uralic languages 4,940 2,240 2,700
Estonian 325 115 210
Finnish 155 70 85
Hungarian 4,460 2,050 2,410
Other languages, n.i.e. 75 40 40
Multiple responses 203,565 96,420 107,150
English and French 7,520 3,465 4,055
English and non-official language(s) 188,260 89,520 98,740
French and non-official language(s) 1,050 460 595
English, French and non-official language(s) 2,630 1,175 1,455
Multiple non-official languages 4,100 1,800 2,305
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data42 2,772,630 1,341,750 1,430,880
None 2,031,410 990,095 1,041,310
English 269,945 129,305 140,645
French 26,595 12,125 14,470
Non-official language 341,655 160,845 180,805
Indigenous39 325 150 175
Non-Indigenous 341,325 160,695 180,630
English and French 3,695 1,680 2,015
English and non-official language(s) 43,120 21,070 22,050
French and non-official language(s) 13,575 5,895 7,675
English, French and non-official language(s) 895 445 450
Multiple non-official languages 41,745 20,285 21,455
Knowledge of languagesThe letter 'c' in a yellow triangle indicates a correction notice.
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data43 2,761,290 1,336,390 1,424,895
Official languages 2,637,775 1,287,455 1,350,320
English 2,635,255 1,286,345 1,348,915
French 238,505 104,650 133,855
Non-official languages 1,536,605 724,300 812,305
Indigenous languages39 870 385 490
Algonquian languages 715 300 415
Blackfoot 0 0 0
Cree-Innu languages 190 85 100
Atikamekw 0 0 0
Cree languages 185 85 95
Ililimowin (Moose Cree) 10 10 0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree) 0 0 0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree) 15 10 15
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree) 50 20 25
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree) 25 0 25
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree) 10 10 0
Cree, n.o.s. 75 40 35
Innu (Montagnais) 0 0 0
Naskapi 0 0 0
Eastern Algonquian languages 55 15 40
Mi'kmaq 55 15 40
Wolastoqewi (Malecite) 0 0 0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 500 215 295
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin) 0 0 0
Oji-Cree 15 0 15
Ojibway languages 480 215 270
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa) 95 35 60
Daawaamwin (Odawa) 10 0 10
Saulteau (Western Ojibway) 0 0 0
Ojibway, n.o.s. 385 175 205
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages 25 20 10
Northern Athabaskan languages 20 10 0
Dakelh (Carrier) 0 0 0
Dane-zaa (Beaver) 0 0 0
Dene, n.o.s. 15 10 0
Gwich'in 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey) 0 0 0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey) 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0
Tahltan 0 0 0
Tlicho (Dogrib) 0 0 0
Tse'khene (Sekani) 0 0 0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin) 0 0 0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi) 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0
Tutchone, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine 0 0 0
Tlingit 10 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Haida 0 0 0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages 40 20 25
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0
Inuinnaqtun 0 0 0
Inuvialuktun 0 0 0
Inuktitut 40 20 25
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages 50 20 30
Cayuga 0 0 0
Mohawk 45 20 25
Oneida 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai) 0 0 0
Michif 10 0 0
Salish languages 10 10 0
Halkomelem 0 0 0
Lillooet 0 0 0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson) 0 0 0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap) 0 0 0
Squamish 0 0 0
Straits 0 0 0
Syilx (Okanagan) 0 0 0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Siouan languages 0 0 0
Assiniboine 0 0 0
Dakota 0 0 0
Stoney 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0
Nisga'a 0 0 0
Tsimshian 0 0 0
Wakashan languages 10 10 0
Haisla 0 0 0
Heiltsuk 0 0 0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl) 0 0 0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e. 10 10 0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s. 15 0 10
Non-Indigenous languages 1,535,860 723,970 811,890
Afro-Asiatic languages 119,095 59,300 59,800
Berber languages 305 185 120
Kabyle 180 105 75
Tamazight 115 70 45
Berber languages, n.i.e. 45 25 15
Chadic languages 610 325 285
Hausa 560 300 260
Mina 40 25 20
Coptic 215 110 110
Cushitic languages 19,090 8,780 10,315
Bilen 175 105 70
Oromo 1,725 840 885
Somali 17,155 7,790 9,370
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 225 125 105
Semitic languages 101,800 51,415 50,385
Amharic 13,295 6,275 7,020
Arabic 59,680 31,035 28,645
Aramaic languages 7,625 3,755 3,875
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 6,015 2,905 3,115
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 1,380 715 665
Aramaic, n.o.s. 350 195 155
Harari 1,090 490 595
Hebrew 19,995 10,000 9,995
Maltese 1,620 795 825
Tigrigna 9,440 4,465 4,975
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 285 185 105
Austro-Asiatic languages 40,125 18,090 22,035
Khmer (Cambodian) 1,830 760 1,075
Vietnamese 38,420 17,385 21,035
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 135 55 80
Austronesian languages 143,975 57,795 86,190
Bikol 730 315 415
Bisaya, n.o.s. 1,845 730 1,115
Cebuano 4,725 1,855 2,870
Fijian 90 50 40
Hiligaynon 3,700 1,470 2,230
Ilocano 16,205 6,315 9,890
Indonesian 2,890 1,305 1,585
Kankanaey 380 155 230
Kinaray-a 175 85 90
Malagasy languages 35 0 35
Merina 10 0 10
Malagasy, n.o.s. 25 0 25
Malay 1,720 800 925
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 1,620 675 950
Pangasinan 860 355 505
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 135,600 53,930 81,670
Waray-Waray 920 360 560
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 3,135 1,305 1,830
Creole languages 9,055 3,840 5,210
Haitian Creole 1,995 865 1,130
Jamaican English Creole 1,175 435 740
Krio 220 90 130
Morisyen 1,540 725 815
Sango 10 0 0
Creole, n.o.s. 3,305 1,330 1,980
Creole languages, n.i.e. 1,235 560 675
Dravidian languages 98,850 50,540 48,310
Kannada 3,625 1,880 1,750
Malayalam 11,165 6,325 4,835
Tamil 77,785 38,640 39,145
Telugu 11,850 6,900 4,955
Tulu 320 160 155
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 240 95 140
Georgian 1,355 670 680
Hmong-Mien languages 10 0 10
Indo-European languages 801,510 390,560 410,955
Albanian 11,050 5,615 5,430
Armenian 9,595 4,680 4,910
Balto-Slavic languages 132,695 60,545 72,155
Baltic languages 3,550 1,500 2,055
Latvian 1,655 715 940
Lithuanian 1,905 785 1,120
Slavic languages 129,955 59,410 70,545
Belarusian 485 185 300
Bulgarian 4,900 2,350 2,550
Czech 3,625 1,665 1,960
Macedonian 7,660 3,560 4,105
Polish 27,850 12,460 15,390
Russian 52,840 23,965 28,870
Rusyn 30 10 25
Serbo-Croatian 25,500 12,155 13,345
Bosnian 3,320 1,625 1,695
Croatian 9,415 4,365 5,055
Serbian 18,040 8,705 9,335
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e. 715 355 360
Slovak 3,675 1,740 1,930
Slovene (Slovenian) 1,900 810 1,090
Ukrainian 21,345 9,400 11,945
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 85 45 35
Celtic languages 1,350 745 605
Irish 990 565 425
Scottish Gaelic 140 80 60
Welsh 135 55 85
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 95 60 30
Germanic languages 39,895 19,365 20,530
Frisian 55 40 10
High German languages 31,620 15,385 16,235
German 27,540 13,390 14,145
Pennsylvania German 0 0 0
Swiss German 575 275 300
Yiddish 3,915 1,905 2,010
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages 6,385 3,260 3,125
Afrikaans 2,095 1,140 955
Dutch 4,115 2,055 2,055
Low German, n.o.s. 20 15 10
Low Saxon 0 0 0
Plautdietsch 50 15 35
Vlaams (Flemish) 205 100 105
Scandinavian languages 2,975 1,310 1,670
Danish 1,020 435 580
Icelandic 95 50 45
Norwegian 535 215 320
Swedish 1,530 700 830
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 95 65 30
Greek 36,620 17,545 19,070
Indo-Iranian languages 302,620 156,380 146,235
Indo-Aryan languages 236,745 123,180 113,565
Assamese 230 125 110
Bengali 41,750 21,390 20,355
Gujarati 42,425 22,190 20,235
Hindi 107,170 56,950 50,220
Kacchi 3,300 1,400 1,900
Kashmiri 280 130 150
Konkani 2,005 940 1,065
Marathi 8,290 4,325 3,970
Nepali 5,580 2,850 2,725
Oriya languages 1,010 535 475
Odia 605 340 265
Oriya, n.o.s. 410 200 210
Punjabi (Panjabi) 41,430 22,070 19,365
Rohingya 40 15 25
Sindhi 1,355 740 615
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 7,370 3,830 3,540
Urdu 65,035 33,230 31,805
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e. 1,665 950 715
Iranian languages 70,200 35,455 34,740
Baluchi 160 85 80
Kurdish 3,275 1,870 1,410
Parsi 230 155 70
Pashto 7,095 3,795 3,300
Persian languages 62,515 31,290 31,225
Dari 14,995 7,475 7,520
Iranian Persian 42,785 21,270 21,510
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s. 5,490 2,915 2,575
Iranian languages, n.i.e. 450 225 225
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 420 230 190
Italic (Romance) languages 296,705 139,660 157,045
Catalan 335 195 135
Italian 84,335 38,730 45,605
Portuguese 80,170 38,850 41,325
Romanian 12,920 5,785 7,140
Spanish 138,770 66,085 72,685
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 725 390 340
Indo-European languages, n.i.e. 250 130 115
Japanese 14,220 6,085 8,130
Korean 38,895 17,235 21,665
Mongolian 415 180 235
Niger-Congo languages 32,875 15,155 17,720
Akan (Twi) 6,410 2,830 3,580
Bamanankan 240 115 125
Edo 1,305 525 780
Éwé 345 190 155
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 305 175 130
Ga 520 185 335
Ganda 1,490 615 875
Gikuyu 365 135 230
Igbo 2,020 935 1,080
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 655 245 415
Lingala 1,665 765 900
Luba-Kasai 175 65 110
Mòoré 40 25 20
Mwani 150 80 65
Ndebele 210 95 115
Rundi (Kirundi) 540 260 280
Shona 715 315 405
Soninke 245 155 90
Sotho-Tswana languages 270 110 160
Swahili 7,620 3,630 3,990
Wojenaka 75 40 35
Wolof 485 240 255
Yoruba 7,235 3,365 3,865
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 3,620 1,785 1,835
Nilo-Saharan languages 555 290 265
Dinka 55 35 25
Nuer 10 10 0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 490 245 235
African, n.o.s. 305 145 160
Sign languages 2,860 1,240 1,620
American Sign Language 2,575 1,080 1,490
Quebec Sign Language 20 10 10
Sign languages, n.i.e. 370 185 190
Sino-Tibetan languages 275,670 125,525 150,150
Chinese languages 267,745 121,665 146,080
Hakka 3,630 1,695 1,935
Mandarin 162,950 72,885 90,065
Min Dong 645 295 350
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 7,830 3,510 4,320
Wu (Shanghainese) 2,730 1,225 1,505
Yue (Cantonese) 134,810 61,065 73,745
Chinese, n.o.s. 2,245 1,050 1,195
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 200 90 110
Tibeto-Burman languages 8,080 3,925 4,150
Burmese 875 435 440
Kuki-Chin languages 55 10 45
Karenic languages 225 100 125
S'gaw Karen 155 75 80
Karenic languages, n.i.e. 70 30 40
Tibetan 6,655 3,265 3,385
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 445 205 245
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. 220 90 125
Tai-Kadai languages 2,865 1,195 1,670
Lao 1,045 480 565
Thai 1,840 735 1,100
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. 170 70 100
Turkic languages 20,920 11,110 9,815
Azerbaijani 2,425 1,320 1,095
Kazakh 325 150 175
Turkish 18,110 9,650 8,455
Uyghur 240 95 145
Uzbek 790 390 400
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 370 170 195
Uralic languages 14,670 6,580 8,095
Estonian 1,680 675 1,005
Finnish 1,405 495 910
Hungarian 11,650 5,430 6,220
Other languages, n.i.e. 575 260 315
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data44 2,761,285 1,336,390 1,424,895
Indigenous identity45 22,925 10,785 12,135
Single Indigenous responses46 21,475 10,085 11,385
First Nations (North American Indian) 13,800 6,590 7,215
Métis 7,440 3,400 4,035
Inuk (Inuit) 240 100 135
Multiple Indigenous responses47 645 275 375
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere48 800 420 380
Non-Indigenous identity 2,738,365 1,325,610 1,412,760
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data44 2,761,285 1,336,390 1,424,895
Registered or Treaty Indian49 7,730 3,705 4,025
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 2,753,555 1,332,685 1,420,870
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data50 1,160,890 ... ...
Owner 602,925 ... ...
Renter 557,970 ... ...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band 0 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data51 1,160,890 ... ...
Condominium 353,215 ... ...
Not condominium 807,670 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data52 1,160,890 ... ...
No bedrooms 28,765 ... ...
1 bedroom 330,340 ... ...
2 bedrooms 334,320 ... ...
3 bedrooms 268,505 ... ...
4 or more bedrooms 198,960 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data53 1,160,890 ... ...
1 to 4 rooms 617,005 ... ...
5 rooms 152,950 ... ...
6 rooms 113,715 ... ...
7 rooms 90,775 ... ...
8 or more rooms 186,440 ... ...
Average number of rooms per dwelling 4.9 ... ...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data54 1,160,890 ... ...
One person or fewer per room 1,093,085 ... ...
More than one person per room 67,805 ... ...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data55 1,160,890 ... ...
Suitable 1,016,350 ... ...
Not suitable 144,545 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data56 1,160,890 ... ...
1960 or before 340,185 ... ...
1961 to 1980 333,990 ... ...
1981 to 1990 109,780 ... ...
1991 to 2000 92,985 ... ...
2001 to 2005 58,975 ... ...
2006 to 2010 63,995 ... ...
2011 to 2015 75,980 ... ...
2016 to 202157 85,005 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data58 1,160,890 ... ...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed 1,086,415 ... ...
Major repairs needed 74,480 ... ...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data59 1,160,890 ... ...
One-maintainer household 634,725 ... ...
Two-maintainer household 447,155 ... ...
Three-or-more-maintainer household 79,010 ... ...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data60 1,160,890 ... ...
15 to 24 years 34,350 ... ...
25 to 34 years 202,225 ... ...
35 to 44 years 210,570 ... ...
45 to 54 years 204,790 ... ...
55 to 64 years 215,740 ... ...
65 to 74 years 158,850 ... ...
75 to 84 years 90,900 ... ...
85 years and over 43,455 ... ...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data61 1,151,795 ... ...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs 777,835 ... ...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs 373,965 ... ...
30% to less than 100% 321,675 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data62 1,160,895 ... ...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed' 522,150 ... ...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only 315,735 ... ...
Not suitable only 98,270 ... ...
Major repairs needed only 39,905 ... ...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' 33,670 ... ...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed' 21,965 ... ...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed' 10,015 ... ...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed' 2,595 ... ...
Acceptable housing 638,740 ... ...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data63 1,099,505 ... ...
In core need 215,225 ... ...
Not in core need 884,285 ... ...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data 602,915 ... ...
% of owner households with a mortgage64 56.6 ... ...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs61 25.6 ... ...
% in core housing need63 10.8 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)65 1,740 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)65 2,038 ... ...
Median value of dwellings ($)66 900,000 ... ...
Average value of dwellings ($)66 1,131,000 ... ...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data 557,975 ... ...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing67 14.2 ... ...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs61 40.0 ... ...
% in core housing need63 29.3 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)65 1,500 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)65 1,562 ... ...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data 0 ... ...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs61 ... ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)65 ... ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)65 ... ... ...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data68 2,761,285 1,336,390 1,424,895
Indigenous ancestry (only)69 6,060 2,720 3,345
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)70 5,870 2,660 3,215
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry 4,835 2,175 2,655
Métis single ancestry 975 450 525
Inuit single ancestry 60 30 30
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)71 190 65 125
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only 170 65 110
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only 15 0 15
Métis and Inuit ancestry only 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only 0 0 0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries72 24,150 11,520 12,635
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries73 23,505 11,250 12,255
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only 17,670 8,505 9,165
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only 5,665 2,665 2,995
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only 170 75 100
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries74 645 270 375
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only 605 255 345
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only 40 15 25
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only 0 0 0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only75 2,731,070 1,322,155 1,408,920
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data76 2,761,285 1,336,395 1,424,895
Canadian citizens77 2,284,055 1,102,560 1,181,495
Canadian citizens aged under 18 413,995 213,200 200,795
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over 1,870,055 889,360 980,700
Not Canadian citizens78 477,230 233,830 243,400
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data79 2,761,285 1,336,395 1,424,895
Non-immigrants80 1,329,905 666,890 663,015
Immigrants81 1,286,140 593,225 692,915
Before 1980 222,935 100,655 122,280
1980 to 1990 156,460 73,005 83,455
1991 to 2000 273,985 124,465 149,520
2001 to 2010 290,400 132,935 157,470
2011 to 202182 342,360 162,170 180,195
2011 to 2015 144,320 66,410 77,910
2016 to 2021 198,040 95,755 102,285
Non-permanent residents83 145,240 76,280 68,965
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data84 1,286,140 593,220 692,920
Under 5 years 91,030 45,045 45,985
5 to 14 years 203,840 101,550 102,295
15 to 24 years 247,955 110,365 137,595
25 to 44 years 605,575 276,620 328,960
45 years and over 137,730 59,650 78,080
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data85 1,286,140 593,220 692,920
Americas 210,980 92,905 118,075
Brazil 10,175 4,815 5,355
Colombia 8,695 3,905 4,795
El Salvador 6,495 3,135 3,360
Guyana 31,025 13,325 17,700
Haiti 1,660 740 915
Jamaica 42,650 17,285 25,370
Mexico 9,340 4,355 4,985
Peru 4,105 1,820 2,280
Trinidad and Tobago 18,280 7,865 10,415
United States of America 25,220 12,190 13,030
Other places of birth in Americas 53,330 23,465 29,865
Europe 266,210 124,220 141,995
Bosnia and Herzegovina 4,910 2,325 2,585
Croatia 4,200 1,925 2,280
France 5,820 2,895 2,920
Germany 8,915 4,110 4,805
Greece 16,510 7,720 8,795
Hungary 6,135 2,795 3,335
Italy 37,700 17,310 20,395
Netherlands 2,130 1,055 1,070
Poland 18,245 8,015 10,230
Portugal 34,360 16,435 17,925
Romania 11,200 4,900 6,305
Russian Federation 15,820 6,555 9,260
Serbia86 7,740 3,605 4,135
Ukraine 15,845 7,000 8,840
United Kingdom87 35,585 17,855 17,735
Other places of birth in Europe 41,100 19,715 21,380
Africa 88,020 42,020 46,005
Algeria 940 475 465
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 2,130 925 1,210
Egypt 6,420 3,415 3,010
Eritrea 6,485 3,170 3,315
Ethiopia 10,900 4,980 5,915
Morocco 2,385 1,070 1,315
Nigeria 10,015 5,010 5,005
Somalia 10,190 4,390 5,795
South Africa, Republic of 6,000 3,050 2,955
Other places of birth in Africa 32,555 15,535 17,020
Asia 716,885 331,980 384,910
Afghanistan 12,920 6,475 6,445
Iran88 37,190 18,570 18,620
Iraq 11,350 5,720 5,630
Lebanon 6,490 3,460 3,035
Syria89 8,240 4,150 4,085
Turkey 8,500 4,590 3,910
China90 129,755 56,810 72,940
Hong Kong91 36,850 16,655 20,200
Korea, South92 27,505 12,310 15,200
Taiwan 7,985 3,350 4,635
Philippines 132,980 53,880 79,100
Viet Nam 31,675 14,230 17,445
Bangladesh 27,135 13,795 13,335
India 102,155 52,455 49,700
Pakistan 34,140 17,275 16,865
Sri Lanka 47,895 22,985 24,905
Other places of birth in Asia 54,130 25,260 28,865
Oceania and other places of birth93 4,045 2,105 1,940
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data94 198,040 95,760 102,285
Americas 25,025 11,935 13,090
Brazil 4,200 2,015 2,190
Colombia 1,195 485 715
Haiti 275 150 120
Jamaica 3,145 1,570 1,580
Mexico 2,330 1,075 1,260
United States of America 5,125 2,610 2,520
Venezuela95 1,535 740 790
Other places of birth in Americas 7,215 3,290 3,925
Europe 20,690 10,515 10,175
France 1,940 985 955
Germany 650 355 300
Ireland96 1,365 870 495
Italy 835 480 355
Russian Federation 2,240 855 1,385
Ukraine 2,490 1,155 1,335
United Kingdom87 2,615 1,560 1,055
Other places of birth in Europe 8,550 4,260 4,290
Africa 18,720 9,485 9,240
Algeria 210 95 115
Burundi 125 35 90
Cameroon 500 265 240
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 360 150 210
Côte d'Ivoire 235 100 140
Egypt 995 520 475
Eritrea 2,775 1,495 1,280
Ethiopia 1,955 910 1,045
Morocco 520 245 280
Nigeria 4,535 2,280 2,255
Somalia 1,575 895 685
South Africa, Republic of 675 350 325
Sudan97 480 250 230
Tunisia 120 60 60
Other places of birth in Africa 3,650 1,830 1,815
Asia 132,735 63,325 69,410
Afghanistan 3,180 1,580 1,600
Bangladesh 4,760 2,465 2,290
China90 18,525 7,360 11,170
Hong Kong91 655 240 410
India 40,200 21,455 18,745
Iran88 5,225 2,485 2,745
Iraq 2,265 1,130 1,130
Israel 640 345 295
Japan 860 215 645
Jordan 385 225 155
Korea, South92 3,120 1,185 1,935
Lebanon 960 510 455
Nepal 1,235 640 600
Pakistan 5,740 2,925 2,820
Philippines 24,905 10,720 14,190
Saudi Arabia 1,870 1,070 800
Sri Lanka 2,710 1,295 1,415
Syria89 4,680 2,425 2,260
Turkey 2,670 1,515 1,150
United Arab Emirates 940 460 480
Viet Nam 2,395 885 1,510
Other places of birth in Asia 4,810 2,195 2,620
Oceania and other93 875 505 370
Australia 720 410 310
Other places of birth98 160 95 60
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data99 2,761,285 1,336,390 1,424,895
First generation100 1,462,090 684,355 777,735
Second generation101 741,035 372,030 369,010
Third generation or more102 558,160 280,005 278,155
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data103 1,063,205 492,575 570,640
Economic immigrants104 532,155 254,780 277,375
Principal applicants105 240,950 128,285 112,665
Secondary applicants106 291,205 126,495 164,710
Immigrants sponsored by family107 323,950 131,385 192,565
Refugees108 186,825 97,565 89,265
Other immigrants109 20,280 8,845 11,435
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data110 1,063,205 492,575 570,640
Asylum claim before admission111 102,210 53,850 48,355
Work permits only before admission112 111,095 46,175 64,920
Study permits only before admission113 24,490 11,975 12,510
Work and study permits before admission114 65,870 27,080 38,790
Other permits before admission115 5,180 1,985 3,195
No pre-admission experience116 754,355 351,500 402,865
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data117 2,761,285 1,336,390 1,424,895
Total visible minority population118 1,537,285 732,690 804,595
South Asian 385,440 198,065 187,375
Chinese 296,225 137,460 158,765
Black 265,005 122,060 142,950
Filipino 170,355 72,915 97,440
Arab 42,040 22,085 19,955
Latin American 92,455 44,590 47,865
Southeast Asian 53,905 24,980 28,925
West Asian 69,320 34,925 34,395
Korean 42,190 19,485 22,705
Japanese 13,210 5,365 7,845
Visible minority, n.i.e.119 42,435 19,845 22,585
Multiple visible minorities 64,700 30,915 33,785
Not a visible minority120 1,224,000 603,700 620,300
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data121 2,761,290 1,336,390 1,424,895
Canadian 165,640 84,370 81,270
English 244,995 122,460 122,530
Irish 226,865 109,935 116,930
Scottish 211,175 103,555 107,625
French, n.o.s.122 85,715 41,845 43,865
German 107,475 52,985 54,495
Chinese 297,725 138,260 159,465
Italian 167,460 82,010 85,450
Indian (India) 182,115 93,540 88,580
Ukrainian 61,560 29,005 32,550
Dutch 34,360 16,410 17,955
Polish 85,255 41,015 44,235
Québécois 2,620 1,225 1,390
British Isles, n.o.s.123 66,395 32,770 33,630
Filipino 161,495 69,185 92,310
French Canadian 15,450 7,195 8,255
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.124 32,230 16,160 16,075
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.125 9,350 4,380 4,970
Métis 7,420 3,435 3,985
European, n.o.s.126 35,895 17,620 18,270
Russian 56,130 25,725 30,405
Norwegian 8,670 4,100 4,565
Welsh 23,795 11,125 12,675
Portuguese 85,165 41,805 43,360
American 21,905 10,885 11,015
Spanish 44,625 20,895 23,730
Swedish 9,415 4,405 5,005
Hungarian 25,910 12,385 13,530
Acadian 3,935 1,775 2,160
Pakistani 41,705 21,145 20,555
African, n.o.s.127 50,400 23,975 26,425
Jewish 74,080 37,140 36,940
Punjabi 11,980 6,345 5,635
Vietnamese 42,190 19,685 22,510
Arab, n.o.s.128 18,385 9,645 8,740
Greek 51,985 26,040 25,945
Jamaican 62,015 28,165 33,850
Asian, n.o.s.129 39,880 18,735 21,145
Cree, n.o.s.130 1,380 695 680
Korean 42,195 19,625 22,575
Romanian 20,010 9,315 10,695
Lebanese 11,530 5,790 5,745
Iranian 37,895 19,030 18,865
Christian, n.i.e.131 15,030 7,120 7,910
Danish 7,120 3,525 3,595
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.132 3,925 1,845 2,085
Sikh 4,850 2,575 2,270
Austrian 11,700 5,695 6,010
Belgian 4,575 2,255 2,320
Haitian 2,820 1,285 1,530
Hindu 26,510 13,990 12,515
Mexican 15,440 7,570 7,870
Mennonite 1,740 820 920
Swiss 6,710 3,305 3,405
Finnish 7,710 3,550 4,165
Sri Lankan 43,495 21,320 22,170
Croatian 12,420 5,930 6,495
Japanese 17,115 7,165 9,950
South Asian, n.o.s.133 25,660 13,120 12,540
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.134 2,195 995 1,200
Northern European, n.o.s.135 4,345 2,185 2,160
Muslim 15,950 8,065 7,880
Egyptian 9,725 5,120 4,605
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.136 17,735 8,680 9,060
Tamil 35,070 17,375 17,695
Icelandic 2,560 1,305 1,255
Colombian 10,340 4,845 5,490
Moroccan 3,905 1,895 2,005
Czech 7,745 3,630 4,115
Syrian 6,785 3,285 3,495
Guyanese 27,780 12,870 14,910
Afghan 18,760 9,300 9,460
Black, n.o.s.137 22,590 9,570 13,030
Serbian 17,775 8,655 9,120
Ojibway 2,405 1,185 1,225
Newfoundlander 3,370 1,640 1,735
Hong Konger 12,835 6,050 6,785
Ontarian 4,725 2,365 2,360
Persian 15,215 7,895 7,330
Trinidadian/Tobagonian 17,350 8,165 9,180
Turkish 15,770 8,275 7,490
Inuit, n.o.s.138 285 110 170
Bangladeshi 26,650 13,640 13,010
Algerian 1,290 610 680
Brazilian 14,860 7,215 7,640
Nigerian 10,870 5,165 5,700
Armenian 11,885 5,830 6,055
Slovak 7,065 3,435 3,630
Eastern European, n.o.s.139 11,345 5,360 5,990
Somali 19,810 9,465 10,345
Taiwanese 7,955 3,510 4,445
Iraqi 7,490 3,690 3,800
Salvadorean 7,195 3,480 3,715
African Caribbean 15,300 6,390 8,910
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.140 13,395 6,145 7,250
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.141 7,875 4,175 3,705
Caribbean, n.o.s.142 14,565 6,230 8,335
Algonquin 625 295 330
West Indian, n.o.s.143 14,825 6,495 8,330
Lithuanian 8,190 3,890 4,300
South African 5,505 2,790 2,715
Australian 3,480 1,850 1,630
Palestinian 4,020 2,010 2,015
Chilean 5,165 2,405 2,755
Congolese 2,705 1,235 1,465
Nova Scotian 1,170 585 585
Ethiopian 11,065 5,170 5,895
Hispanic, n.o.s.144 7,945 3,730 4,220
Peruvian 5,235 2,510 2,720
Yoruba 5,395 2,800 2,595
Cambodian (Khmer) 2,800 1,250 1,555
Berber 505 265 245
Albanian 12,250 6,200 6,050
Maltese 6,400 3,110 3,295
Macedonian 11,600 5,800 5,805
Slovenian 4,805 2,310 2,495
Western European, n.o.s.145 2,575 1,275 1,305
New Brunswicker 525 215 310
Gujarati 6,650 3,465 3,190
Eritrean 8,355 3,975 4,380
African Canadian 6,015 2,910 3,105
Israeli 7,415 3,890 3,525
Mohawk 1,275 600 675
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.146 1,750 790 960
Bulgarian 5,830 2,845 2,980
Albertan 165 90 75
Ghanaian 7,550 3,545 4,005
Barbadian 6,340 2,785 3,550
African American 4,410 2,080 2,330
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.147 2,855 1,260 1,590
Tunisian 485 255 230
Slavic, n.o.s.148 4,710 2,265 2,450
Cuban 4,760 2,310 2,450
Bosnian 3,255 1,670 1,585
Venezuelan 4,130 1,930 2,195
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.149 50 20 30
Latvian 4,915 2,355 2,550
Bengali 9,230 4,795 4,435
Cameroonian 1,020 470 545
Guatemalan 2,980 1,465 1,515
Indonesian 3,330 1,490 1,845
Laotian 1,670 735 930
Ilocano 6,220 2,805 3,415
Northern Irish 2,625 1,440 1,185
Celtic, n.o.s.150 2,180 1,085 1,095
British Columbian 165 70 90
Ecuadorian 8,450 4,020 4,430
Franco Ontarian 795 430 365
Argentinian 4,015 2,030 1,980
Estonian 3,840 1,745 2,095
Kurdish 3,825 2,195 1,630
Fijian 545 250 295
Jatt 660 340 320
North American, n.o.s.151 1,050 530 515
Coptic 1,645 835 810
Thai 2,220 890 1,335
Dominican 3,140 1,465 1,675
Nepali 3,310 1,665 1,645
Kabyle 60 15 45
Assyrian 4,055 1,975 2,085
Igbo 2,025 955 1,065
Byelorussian 2,725 1,330 1,395
Dene, n.o.s.152 55 35 15
Blackfoot, n.o.s.153 265 135 125
Abenaki 45 20 15
Moldovan 1,170 580 590
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.154 300 145 150
New Zealander 1,235 600 635
Sudanese 2,195 1,075 1,115
Breton 140 80 60
Pennsylvania Dutch 750 350 400
Malaysian 2,720 1,225 1,500
Plains Cree 70 35 35
North African, n.o.s.155 1,080 535 550
Huron (Wendat) 150 60 85
Saskatchewanian 170 75 95
Buddhist 2,880 1,390 1,485
Gaspesian 50 25 25
Norman 330 185 145
Southern or East African, n.o.s.156 3,390 1,560 1,835
Ivorian 495 200 295
Saulteaux 130 55 75
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.157 560 265 300
Burundian 435 210 230
Tigrinya 2,450 1,225 1,220
Nicaraguan 2,135 935 1,200
Mauritian 1,430 695 740
Kenyan 2,195 960 1,235
Oji-Cree 75 30 45
Vincentian 4,130 1,700 2,430
Jordanian 1,365 755 615
Manitoban 170 65 100
Cape Bretoner 285 140 140
Rwandan 630 285 355
Grenadian 5,060 2,125 2,930
Malayali 1,850 1,015 840
Chaldean 1,270 685 585
Sinhalese 2,320 1,115 1,200
Mayan 1,250 620 625
Honduran 1,040 510 530
Cherokee 305 160 140
Qalipu Mi'kmaq 90 45 45
Indo-Caribbean 2,975 1,320 1,655
Flemish 470 250 220
United Empire Loyalist 800 410 380
Senegalese 300 160 140
Azerbaijani 2,375 1,210 1,160
Sicilian 1,005 485 525
Pashtun 1,755 965 790
Malay 1,715 815 895
Goan 2,105 970 1,135
Bantu, n.o.s.158 940 420 520
Tibetan 6,335 3,145 3,190
Zimbabwean 745 340 400
Burmese 1,220 555 665
Mongolian 1,255 530 720
Azorean 1,470 660 810
Atikamekw 0 0 0
Bamileke 315 165 150
Indo-Guyanese 2,765 1,150 1,615
Ugandan 2,190 995 1,190
Oromo 1,785 945 840
Tanzanian 1,810 815 990
Yemeni 1,635 790 845
Central African 155 105 50
Libyan 575 310 260
Basque 355 215 145
Uruguayan 1,475 755 715
Akan, n.o.s.159 1,125 585 545
Central or West African, n.o.s.160 1,390 635 750
Igorot 1,125 445 675
Fulani 400 225 175
Woodland Cree 15 10 0
Guinean 290 165 120
St. Lucian 2,450 1,020 1,430
Prince Edward Islander 315 135 180
Maliseet 35 10 30
Beninese 470 200 270
Telugu 1,440 840 595
Roma 1,500 815 685
Costa Rican 890 440 455
African Nova Scotian 570 215 355
Malagasy 135 65 75
Kashmiri 890 390 495
Singaporean 860 390 475
Karen 265 120 140
Edo 1,250 630 625
Tajik 1,545 760 785
Amhara 1,985 990 995
Paraguayan 205 75 130
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data161 2,761,285 1,336,390 1,424,895
Buddhist 62,475 27,945 34,530
Christian 1,274,450 580,640 693,810
Christian, n.o.s.162 230,275 105,035 125,240
Anabaptist 1,415 685 730
Anglican 66,495 29,145 37,350
Baptist 22,180 9,535 12,645
Catholic 669,320 309,400 359,920
Christian Orthodox 110,665 52,095 58,565
Jehovah's Witness 8,550 3,400 5,155
Latter Day Saints 1,855 920 940
Lutheran 10,485 4,615 5,870
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness) 5,080 2,140 2,940
Pentecostal and other Charismatic 32,900 13,615 19,280
Presbyterian 24,760 11,085 13,670
Reformed 1,175 560 615
United Church 43,465 18,265 25,195
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions 45,840 20,140 25,705
Hindu 171,980 88,440 83,540
Jewish 99,390 48,285 51,105
Muslim 264,155 133,135 131,025
Sikh 21,545 10,985 10,565
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality 935 425 510
Other religions and spiritual traditions 20,730 9,250 11,480
No religion and secular perspectives 845,615 437,290 408,325
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data163 2,736,910 1,324,065 1,412,845
Non-movers 2,382,090 1,148,830 1,233,265
Movers 354,820 175,235 179,585
Non-migrants 261,975 129,440 132,540
Migrants 92,845 45,800 47,045
Internal migrants 52,170 25,705 26,465
Intraprovincial migrants 42,095 20,635 21,460
Interprovincial migrants 10,070 5,065 5,005
External migrants 40,675 20,095 20,580
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data164 2,637,900 1,273,360 1,364,545
Non-movers 1,664,210 792,965 871,240
Movers 973,695 480,390 493,300
Non-migrants 530,780 259,585 271,200
Migrants 442,910 220,810 222,105
Internal migrants 200,725 97,915 102,810
Intraprovincial migrants 157,040 76,340 80,700
Interprovincial migrants 43,685 21,575 22,115
External migrants 242,185 122,895 119,295
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data165 2,377,945 1,139,355 1,238,590
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate 364,050 174,890 189,165
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate166 2,013,895 964,460 1,049,430
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data165 1,602,620 776,280 826,335
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate 151,430 78,530 72,905
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate166 1,451,180 697,755 753,435
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data165 2,377,950 1,139,355 1,238,595
No certificate, diploma or degree 339,500 161,330 178,165
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate167 555,590 281,045 274,545
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 1,482,860 696,980 785,885
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level 506,235 237,545 268,695
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 80,935 51,140 29,800
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma168 46,255 26,680 19,575
Apprenticeship certificate169 34,680 24,460 10,225
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma170 356,760 156,325 200,435
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 68,545 30,085 38,460
Bachelor's degree or higher 976,620 459,435 517,190
Bachelor's degree 615,160 284,465 330,695
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 62,665 28,715 33,955
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 24,940 12,115 12,820
Master's degree 238,415 114,030 124,385
Earned doctorate171 35,445 20,110 15,330
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data165 1,602,615 776,280 826,335
No certificate, diploma or degree 137,130 71,175 65,950
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate167 304,135 163,550 140,590
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 1,161,345 541,550 619,795
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level 370,020 173,795 196,220
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 53,060 33,500 19,560
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma168 30,330 17,550 12,780
Apprenticeship certificate169 22,730 15,950 6,785
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma170 268,055 118,975 149,080
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 48,905 21,325 27,575
Bachelor's degree or higher 791,330 367,755 423,575
Bachelor's degree 491,215 226,820 264,395
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 49,305 21,930 27,375
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 19,385 8,515 10,870
Master's degree 204,360 96,085 108,270
Earned doctorate171 27,070 14,400 12,670
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data172 2,377,945 1,139,350 1,238,595
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree173 895,085 442,375 452,710
Education 67,760 14,880 52,875
13. Education 67,760 14,880 52,875
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 87,485 38,700 48,785
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 7,235 4,900 2,335
50. Visual and performing arts 80,250 33,795 46,450
Humanities 100,310 36,665 63,645
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics 12,225 2,715 9,510
23. English language and literature/letters 29,600 9,275 20,325
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities 25,940 8,620 17,325
30A Interdisciplinary humanities174 2,610 950 1,660
38. Philosophy and religious studies 8,140 4,720 3,415
39. Theology and religious vocations 4,915 2,875 2,040
54. History 13,460 6,855 6,600
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN 3,420 650 2,775
Social and behavioural sciences and law 235,830 88,040 147,790
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 4,165 955 3,210
09. Communication, journalism and related programs 33,725 13,160 20,570
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 26,820 2,950 23,870
22. Legal professions and studies 41,920 17,845 24,075
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences175 5,720 2,055 3,670
42. Psychology 31,470 7,995 23,475
45. Social sciences 92,005 43,085 48,915
Business, management and public administration 361,525 167,130 194,400
30.16 Accounting and computer science 550 185 365
44. Public administration and social service professions 24,100 5,445 18,655
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services 336,875 161,495 175,380
Physical and life sciences and technologies 72,985 33,565 39,420
26. Biological and biomedical sciences 34,380 13,670 20,705
30.01 Biological and physical sciences 15,710 6,790 8,920
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences176 2,105 620 1,485
40. Physical sciences 18,470 11,680 6,790
41. Science technologies/technicians 2,325 805 1,520
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 94,200 60,675 33,530
11. Computer and information sciences and support services 70,775 48,840 21,935
25. Library science 3,770 655 3,115
27. Mathematics and statistics 16,295 9,155 7,145
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences177 3,355 2,020 1,335
Architecture, engineering, and related trades 223,100 181,895 41,205
04. Architecture and related services 20,870 12,275 8,590
14. Engineering 108,445 83,425 25,020
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians 38,525 32,730 5,795
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 30 0 25
46. Construction trades 23,760 23,195 560
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 21,430 20,795 640
48. Precision production 10,040 9,465 575
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 17,550 8,375 9,175
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields178 10,125 4,905 5,215
03. Natural resources and conservation 7,430 3,470 3,960
Health and related fields 171,920 42,815 129,100
30.37 Design for human health 20 0 20
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology 13,175 6,990 6,185
51. Health professions and related programs178 150,945 31,730 119,210
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs 435 155 280
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs 7,340 3,940 3,405
Personal, protective and transportation services 49,840 24,160 25,680
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services 32,100 11,215 20,885
28. Military science, leadership and operational art 210 185 30
29. Military technologies and applied sciences 255 220 30
43. Security and protective services 10,390 6,860 3,530
49. Transportation and materials moving 6,885 5,685 1,200
Other179 355 80 275
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data172 1,602,615 776,280 826,335
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree173 441,270 234,730 206,540
Education 46,545 10,355 36,190
13. Education 46,545 10,355 36,190
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 70,870 31,695 39,175
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 5,650 3,835 1,815
50. Visual and performing arts 65,220 27,860 37,360
Humanities 74,315 26,970 47,345
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics 8,900 1,850 7,045
23. English language and literature/letters 22,195 6,935 15,255
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities 19,740 6,600 13,130
30A Interdisciplinary humanities174 1,840 655 1,190
38. Philosophy and religious studies 6,305 3,650 2,650
39. Theology and religious vocations 3,215 1,955 1,255
54. History 9,965 4,950 5,015
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN 2,165 370 1,795
Social and behavioural sciences and law 189,885 69,450 120,435
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 3,445 770 2,675
09. Communication, journalism and related programs 28,960 11,160 17,800
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 20,265 2,110 18,160
22. Legal professions and studies 34,535 13,690 20,845
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences175 4,755 1,725 3,030
42. Psychology 24,385 6,120 18,265
45. Social sciences 73,530 33,880 39,655
Business, management and public administration 293,645 135,030 158,615
30.16 Accounting and computer science 435 140 290
44. Public administration and social service professions 19,060 4,280 14,770
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services 274,155 130,605 143,550
Physical and life sciences and technologies 53,685 24,305 29,380
26. Biological and biomedical sciences 26,230 10,580 15,645
30.01 Biological and physical sciences 11,360 4,770 6,590
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences176 1,585 495 1,085
40. Physical sciences 12,950 7,950 5,000
41. Science technologies/technicians 1,565 505 1,055
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 79,160 51,430 27,735
11. Computer and information sciences and support services 61,940 42,630 19,305
25. Library science 2,225 460 1,765
27. Mathematics and statistics 12,265 6,690 5,575
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences177 2,730 1,645 1,085
Architecture, engineering, and related trades 168,335 134,005 34,325
04. Architecture and related services 16,260 9,110 7,155
14. Engineering 86,455 64,980 21,475
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians 28,170 23,820 4,350
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 30 0 30
46. Construction trades 16,935 16,435 495
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 14,425 13,970 455
48. Precision production 6,060 5,685 375
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 13,890 6,370 7,520
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields178 7,600 3,515 4,090
03. Natural resources and conservation 6,285 2,860 3,430
Health and related fields 132,700 33,030 99,670
30.37 Design for human health 20 0 20
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology 10,095 5,380 4,720
51. Health professions and related programs178 116,830 24,900 91,920
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs 375 115 260
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs 5,385 2,640 2,745
Personal, protective and transportation services 38,050 18,845 19,210
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services 24,395 8,670 15,725
28. Military science, leadership and operational art 150 130 20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences 125 110 15
43. Security and protective services 8,240 5,480 2,760
49. Transportation and materials moving 5,140 4,455 690
Other179 260 70 190
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data180 1,602,615 776,280 826,335
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 441,270 234,730 206,540
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree181 1,161,345 541,555 619,795
Location of study inside Canada 776,130 362,085 414,040
Same as province or territory of residence 707,130 328,080 379,050
Different than province or territory of residence 69,005 34,010 34,995
Location of study outside Canada182 385,220 179,465 205,750
Americas 72,910 36,500 36,415
United States of America 39,810 21,035 18,770
Mexico 5,370 2,555 2,820
Cuba 1,325 685 640
Haiti 145 70 75
Jamaica 2,585 1,290 1,290
Brazil 8,995 4,170 4,825
Colombia 3,340 1,475 1,865
Peru 970 385 590
Venezuela95 2,055 875 1,180
Other locations of study in Americas 8,310 3,960 4,355
Europe 74,860 37,145 37,705
Belgium 530 255 275
France 5,560 2,925 2,635
Germany 2,035 1,125 915
Netherlands 990 540 445
Switzerland 810 415 400
Hungary 1,035 515 520
Moldova183 525 230 295
Poland 3,140 1,400 1,740
Romania 4,040 1,965 2,080
Russian Federation 6,665 2,950 3,720
Ukraine 6,705 3,040 3,670
Ireland96 3,470 2,030 1,435
United Kingdom87 22,330 11,445 10,885
Bosnia and Herzegovina 950 420 525
Italy 1,695 885 810
Serbia86 2,530 1,215 1,310
Other locations of study in Europe 11,840 5,800 6,035
Africa 16,935 8,615 8,315
Nigeria 4,375 2,115 2,265
Algeria 355 180 175
Morocco 620 285 340
Tunisia 165 85 80
Egypt 2,370 1,275 1,100
South Africa, Republic of 1,630 855 775
Other locations of study in Africa 7,420 3,830 3,590
Asia 214,675 94,285 120,390
Iran88 12,745 5,630 7,120
Iraq 1,590 805 785
Israel 1,820 940 880
Lebanon 1,600 765 830
Syria89 1,330 600 730
Turkey 3,375 1,875 1,495
China90 28,050 12,205 15,840
Taiwan 1,445 415 1,035
Hong Kong91 2,390 915 1,475
Japan 3,195 1,005 2,190
Korea, South92 8,180 3,015 5,165
Philippines 54,175 18,860 35,315
Viet Nam 1,950 670 1,280
Bangladesh 10,280 4,740 5,540
Sri Lanka 4,275 1,905 2,375
India 57,290 29,835 27,460
Pakistan 10,330 5,065 5,260
Other locations of study in Asia 10,655 5,045 5,615
Oceania 5,840 2,920 2,920
Australia 5,000 2,490 2,510
New Zealand 795 410 385
Other locations of study in Oceania 45 20 25
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data184 2,377,950 1,139,355 1,238,590
In the labour force 1,518,420 776,175 742,245
Employed 1,308,110 675,505 632,610
Unemployed 210,305 100,670 109,635
Not in the labour force 859,530 363,180 496,350
Participation rate 63.9 68.1 59.9
Employment rate 55.0 59.3 51.1
Unemployment rate 13.9 13.0 14.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data185 2,377,945 1,139,350 1,238,595
Did not work186 905,995 390,250 515,745
Worked 1,471,950 749,100 722,850
Worked full year full time187 791,335 426,490 364,845
Worked part year and/or part time188 680,620 322,610 358,010
Average weeks worked in reference year 40.2 41.0 39.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data189 1,518,420 776,170 742,245
Class of worker - not applicable190 54,835 25,700 29,135
All classes of workers191 1,463,580 750,475 713,110
Employee 1,223,655 603,235 620,425
Permanent position 1,020,130 508,550 511,585
Temporary position 203,525 94,685 108,835
Fixed term (1 year or more) 82,620 37,450 45,170
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year) 120,905 57,235 63,670
Self-employed192 239,925 147,240 92,690
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data193 1,518,420 776,170 742,245
Occupation - not applicable190 54,835 25,700 29,135
All occupations191 1,463,580 750,475 713,110
0 Legislative and senior management occupations 24,775 16,880 7,895
1 Business, finance and administration occupations 315,270 123,350 191,920
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 159,770 114,560 45,210
3 Health occupations 105,465 25,500 79,965
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services 181,940 62,415 119,525
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 83,130 40,595 42,535
6 Sales and service occupations 350,245 166,460 183,780
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations 175,505 157,380 18,120
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations 8,350 6,800 1,550
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 59,140 36,535 22,610
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data194 1,518,420 776,170 742,245
Industry - not applicable190 54,835 25,700 29,135
All industries191 1,463,580 750,475 713,110
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 2,565 1,480 1,085
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 1,985 1,335 660
22 Utilities 6,115 4,075 2,040
23 Construction 83,035 72,070 10,965
31-33 Manufacturing 97,580 63,450 34,135
41 Wholesale trade 45,380 27,730 17,650
44-45 Retail trade 141,575 68,155 73,420
48-49 Transportation and warehousing 67,330 51,520 15,810
51 Information and cultural industries 60,845 34,705 26,140
52 Finance and insurance 123,495 63,060 60,435
53 Real estate and rental and leasing 41,040 22,165 18,880
54 Professional, scientific and technical services 205,880 114,915 90,965
55 Management of companies and enterprises 9,175 4,465 4,715
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services 75,095 40,480 34,610
61 Educational services 107,480 37,805 69,670
62 Health care and social assistance 163,465 37,860 125,610
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation 33,405 17,430 15,975
72 Accommodation and food services 82,155 40,030 42,130
81 Other services (except public administration) 61,015 23,190 37,825
91 Public administration 54,970 24,565 30,400
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data195 1,602,165 814,875 787,295
English 1,449,315 741,665 707,650
French 3,430 1,010 2,420
Non-official language 26,500 13,755 12,735
Indigenous39 0 0 0
Non-Indigenous 26,495 13,755 12,735
English and French 29,995 12,340 17,655
English and non-official language(s) 87,670 43,410 44,255
French and non-official language(s) 70 30 40
English, French and non-official language(s) 3,010 1,500 1,515
Multiple non-official languages 2,175 1,160 1,020
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data196 1,602,165 814,875 787,295
Single responses 1,580,025 804,355 775,670
Official languages 1,533,090 780,510 752,575
English 1,525,910 778,320 747,595
French 7,180 2,195 4,980
Non-official languages 46,940 23,845 23,095
Indigenous languages39 15 0 15
Algonquian languages 15 0 15
Blackfoot 0 0 0
Cree-Innu languages 0 0 0
Atikamekw 0 0 0
Cree languages 0 0 0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree) 0 0 0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree) 0 0 0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree) 0 0 0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree) 0 0 0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree) 0 0 0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree) 0 0 0
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Innu (Montagnais) 0 0 0
Naskapi 0 0 0
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite) 0 0 0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 15 0 10
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin) 0 0 0
Oji-Cree 0 0 0
Ojibway languages 15 0 10
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa) 0 0 0
Daawaamwin (Odawa) 0 0 0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway) 0 0 0
Ojibway, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages 0 0 0
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0
Dakelh (Carrier) 0 0 0
Dane-zaa (Beaver) 0 0 0
Dene, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Gwich'in 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey) 0 0 0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey) 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0
Tlicho (Dogrib) 0 0 0
Tse'khene (Sekani) 0 0 0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin) 0 0 0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi) 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0
Tutchone, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine 0 0 0
Tlingit 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Haida 0 0 0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages 0 0 0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0
Inuinnaqtun 0 0 0
Inuvialuktun 0 0 0
Inuktitut 0 0 0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0
Mohawk 0 0 0
Oneida 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai) 0 0 0
Michif 0 0 0
Salish languages 0 0 0
Halkomelem 0 0 0
Lillooet 0 0 0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson) 0 0 0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap) 0 0 0
Squamish 0 0 0
Straits 0 0 0
Syilx (Okanagan) 0 0 0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Siouan languages 0 0 0
Assiniboine 0 0 0
Dakota 0 0 0
Stoney 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0
Nisga'a 0 0 0
Tsimshian 0 0 0
Wakashan languages 0 0 0
Haisla 0 0 0
Heiltsuk 0 0 0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl) 0 0 0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Non-Indigenous languages 46,925 23,845 23,085
Afro-Asiatic languages 1,075 620 455
Berber languages 0 0 0
Kabyle 0 0 0
Tamazight 0 0 0
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Chadic languages 0 0 0
Coptic 0 0 0
Cushitic languages 120 55 70
Bilen 0 0 0
Oromo 10 10 0
Somali 110 40 70
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Semitic languages 950 565 385
Amharic 40 25 20
Arabic 570 330 235
Aramaic languages 155 115 40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 120 95 30
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 35 25 0
Aramaic, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Hebrew 145 70 75
Tigrigna 30 25 10
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Austro-Asiatic languages 1,305 590 705
Khmer (Cambodian) 20 10 10
Vietnamese 1,285 585 695
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Austronesian languages 880 405 470
Bikol 0 0 0
Bisaya, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Cebuano 20 0 20
Hiligaynon 0 0 0
Ilocano 35 15 15
Indonesian 10 0 0
Kankanaey 0 0 0
Malagasy languages 0 0 0
Malay 0 0 0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0
Pangasinan 0 0 0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 790 370 420
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 10 10 0
Creole languages 10 10 0
Haitian Creole 0 0 0
Jamaican English Creole 0 0 0
Morisyen 0 0 0
Creole, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Creole languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Dravidian languages 1,310 625 685
Kannada 0 0 0
Malayalam 35 20 20
Tamil 1,260 600 660
Telugu 15 0 10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Georgian 35 25 0
Indo-European languages 14,165 7,610 6,555
Albanian 105 55 50
Armenian 145 60 85
Balto-Slavic languages 2,190 1,010 1,185
Baltic languages 50 10 45
Latvian 30 10 20
Lithuanian 20 0 20
Slavic languages 2,145 1,000 1,145
Bulgarian 30 15 10
Czech 15 0 10
Macedonian 35 25 10
Polish 385 175 215
Russian 1,100 500 605
Serbo-Croatian 120 55 70
Bosnian 0 0 0
Croatian 0 0 0
Serbian 120 50 70
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Slovak 0 0 0
Slovene (Slovenian) 0 0 0
Ukrainian 440 215 230
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Celtic languages 0 0 0
Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Germanic languages 245 100 150
Frisian 0 0 0
High German languages 195 90 110
German 150 55 95
Pennsylvania German 0 0 0
Swiss German 0 0 0
Yiddish 50 35 15
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages 35 0 35
Afrikaans 0 0 0
Dutch 35 0 30
Low German, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Low Saxon 0 0 0
Plautdietsch 0 0 0
Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0
Scandinavian languages 15 10 10
Danish 0 0 0
Icelandic 0 0 0
Norwegian 0 0 0
Swedish 10 10 0
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Greek 230 130 105
Indo-Iranian languages 3,580 1,930 1,650
Indo-Aryan languages 1,935 1,035 905
Bengali 325 155 165
Gujarati 305 160 145
Hindi 200 95 105
Kacchi 0 0 0
Marathi 15 0 15
Nepali 40 20 25
Punjabi (Panjabi) 585 380 210
Sindhi 0 0 0
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 0 0 0
Urdu 455 220 235
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Iranian languages 1,640 895 745
Kurdish 40 35 0
Pashto 50 30 20
Persian languages 1,540 830 710
Dari 115 80 35
Iranian Persian 1,305 665 635
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s. 120 75 45
Iranian languages, n.i.e. 10 0 0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Italic (Romance) languages 7,675 4,335 3,340
Catalan 0 0 0
Italian 425 175 245
Portuguese 3,740 2,330 1,410
Romanian 55 25 30
Spanish 3,460 1,800 1,655
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Japanese 695 260 435
Korean 2,715 1,325 1,395
Mongolian 0 0 0
Niger-Congo languages 70 25 40
Akan (Twi) 20 10 10
Edo 0 0 0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0
Ga 0 0 0
Ganda 0 0 0
Igbo 0 0 0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0
Lingala 0 0 0
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0
Shona 0 0 0
Swahili 30 15 10
Wolof 0 0 0
Yoruba 10 0 0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0
Dinka 0 0 0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Sign languages 120 50 70
American Sign Language 115 50 65
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0
Sign languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Sino-Tibetan languages 23,815 11,910 11,905
Chinese languages 23,730 11,870 11,865
Hakka 20 10 0
Mandarin 14,385 7,265 7,120
Min Dong 20 0 15
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 60 30 30
Wu (Shanghainese) 0 0 0
Yue (Cantonese) 9,100 4,500 4,600
Chinese, n.o.s. 145 55 90
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Tibeto-Burman languages 85 40 45
Burmese 0 0 0
Karenic languages 0 0 0
S'gaw Karen 0 0 0
Karenic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Tibetan 80 35 45
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Tai-Kadai languages 110 60 50
Lao 15 0 15
Thai 95 60 35
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Turkic languages 460 245 210
Azerbaijani 15 0 0
Turkish 440 240 200
Uyghur 0 0 0
Uzbek 0 0 0
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Uralic languages 165 75 90
Estonian 40 15 25
Finnish 20 0 15
Hungarian 100 60 40
Other languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0
Multiple responses 22,140 10,515 11,625
English and French 4,655 1,835 2,820
English and non-official language(s) 16,820 8,365 8,450
French and non-official language(s) 15 0 10
English, French and non-official language(s) 240 125 110
Multiple non-official languages 420 190 230
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data197 1,602,165 814,875 787,295
None 1,498,610 765,630 732,975
English 19,980 9,170 10,810
French 22,095 9,555 12,540
Non-official language 48,965 24,500 24,465
Indigenous39 55 25 35
Non-Indigenous 48,905 24,475 24,430
English and French 50 25 25
English and non-official language(s) 2,320 1,055 1,260
French and non-official language(s) 2,260 1,125 1,135
English, French and non-official language(s) 25 25 0
Multiple non-official languages 7,875 3,790 4,085
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data198 1,308,110 675,505 632,605
Worked at home 510,240 245,515 264,720
Worked outside Canada 6,395 3,990 2,410
No fixed workplace address 142,290 102,345 39,945
Usual place of work 649,185 323,655 325,525
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data199 649,185 323,655 325,525
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence 514,695 239,280 275,405
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence 0 0 0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence 132,960 83,500 49,460
Commute to a different province or territory 1,530 870 665
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data200 791,470 426,000 365,475
Car, truck or van 482,480 293,140 189,340
Car, truck or van - as a driver 424,985 273,250 151,745
Car, truck or van - as a passenger 57,490 19,890 37,595
Public transit 207,680 84,505 123,170
Walked 60,615 26,845 33,770
Bicycle 15,750 10,310 5,445
Other method 24,945 11,195 13,750
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data201 791,470 426,000 365,475
Less than 15 minutes 130,355 65,125 65,225
15 to 29 minutes 251,795 135,775 116,025
30 to 44 minutes 222,015 126,665 95,345
45 to 59 minutes 88,655 46,465 42,190
60 minutes and over 98,655 51,970 46,690
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data202 791,470 426,000 365,475
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m. 43,645 31,190 12,445
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m. 113,320 69,900 43,420
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m. 167,655 86,135 81,520
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m. 181,860 87,770 94,085
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m. 148,245 73,580 74,670
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m. 136,755 77,420 59,330
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data203 471,030 241,970 229,065
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language 45,395 23,075 22,320
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language 425,635 218,895 206,740
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data204 339,085 174,355 164,730
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language 34,720 17,580 17,140
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada 22,430 11,100 11,330
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada 12,290 6,480 5,810
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language 304,365 156,775 147,590

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Source

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed March 29, 2024).

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