Aboriginal Population Profile, 2016 Census
Manitoba [Province]

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Sex Information - Sex

Age groups Information - Age

Residence on or off reserve Information - Residence on or off reserve

The table shows aboriginal identities (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers), by sex, age groups and residence on or off reserve.
Characteristic	Manitoba [Province]
	Data quality , Manitoba [Province] Map : Manitoba [Province] Related data - Manitoba
	Total - Sex, Total - Age groups, Total - Residence on or off reserve
	Total - Population in private households by Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 1}	Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 2}	Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 3}	First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 4}	Métis	Inuk (Inuit)	Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 5}	Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 6}	Non-Aboriginal identity
Average age and median age
Total - Average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	1,240,700	223,310	220,475	130,505	89,355	610	2,020	820	1,017,390
Average age	38.7	29.3	29.3	26.8	33.0	27.0	28.2	36.3	40.7
Median age	37.8	25.5	25.6	22.5	30.6	21.6	22.0	33.1	40.7
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 7}	1,001,305	153,545	151,630	83,715	67,535	380	1,280	635	847,765
Married or living common law	583,515	68,225	67,425	33,480	33,800	150	525	275	515,295
Married	493,340	44,955	44,355	19,780	24,495	85	390	205	448,385
Living common law	90,175	23,270	23,065	13,700	9,310	65	130	75	66,905
Not married and not living common law	417,790	85,320	84,210	50,235	33,735	230	755	360	332,470
Never married	290,785	67,930	67,115	41,405	25,505	200	580	235	222,860
Separated	23,940	4,600	4,545	2,625	1,915	10	25	30	19,340
Divorced	52,930	7,505	7,380	3,245	4,120	15	90	35	45,430
Widowed	50,135	5,290	5,170	2,955	2,200	15	60	55	44,845
Family characteristics
Total - Family characteristics for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 8}	1,240,700	223,310	220,470	130,505	89,360	605	2,020	815	1,017,390
Married spouses and common-law partners	574,510	67,250	66,460	32,775	33,535	150	525	270	507,260
Married spouses	484,335	43,980	43,395	19,075	24,230	90	390	195	440,355
Common-law partners	90,180	23,270	23,065	13,700	9,305	60	130	75	66,905
Lone parents (in lone-parent census families)	58,875	20,270	20,090	14,175	5,880	40	145	40	38,600
Children in census families (as in sons, daughters or grandchildren)	395,290	98,810	97,525	61,740	35,465	310	960	330	296,480
Living with two biological or adoptive parents^{Census data footnote 9}	268,315	44,900	44,285	24,430	19,720	125	450	160	223,415
In an intact family^{Census data footnote 10}	257,585	40,745	40,205	21,735	18,345	130	385	150	216,840
In a complex stepfamily^{Census data footnote 11}	10,730	4,155	4,075	2,700	1,375	0	65	10	6,570
Living with one biological or adoptive parent and one step-parent	26,765	8,660	8,565	5,005	3,520	30	65	35	18,100
In a simple stepfamily^{Census data footnote 12}	13,960	4,140	4,100	2,160	1,915	25	25	20	9,815
In a complex stepfamily^{Census data footnote 13}	12,800	4,520	4,465	2,845	1,610	0	40	15	8,285
Living with one parent in a lone-parent census family^{Census data footnote 14}	94,355	41,180	40,670	29,050	11,465	150	390	125	53,170
With a male lone parent	18,995	7,795	7,690	5,430	2,235	25	55	50	11,200
With a female lone parent	75,365	33,390	32,980	23,625	9,230	130	335	75	41,975
Living with grandparents without parents present	5,860	4,065	4,010	3,250	755	0	60	0	1,790
With two grandparents without parents present	2,670	1,915	1,860	1,480	380	0	50	0	750
With one grandparent without parents present	3,190	2,150	2,145	1,775	370	0	0	0	1,035
Persons not in census families	212,025	36,975	36,400	21,815	14,475	110	395	185	175,045
Living with other relatives	30,145	8,815	8,745	6,925	1,810	10	40	25	21,335
Foster children	6,930	5,740	5,595	4,595	975	25	130	10	1,190
Living with non-relatives only or alone	174,950	22,425	22,055	10,290	11,685	75	220	155	152,525
Registered or Treaty Indian status
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,240,695	223,310	220,470	130,505	89,360	610	2,015	820	1,017,390
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 16}	127,250	127,245	125,555	121,180	4,335	35	985	715	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,113,450	96,060	94,925	9,325	85,025	570	1,035	110	1,017,390
Aboriginal ancestry
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 17}	1,240,695	223,310	220,475	130,510	89,360	605	2,020	820	1,017,390
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 18}	110,630	109,955	109,315	94,015	15,135	170	530	115	675
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 19}	108,060	107,410	107,010	92,490	14,370	155	290	110	650
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 20}	93,065	92,830	92,650	91,925	725	10	70	110	235
Métis single ancestry	14,835	14,425	14,210	555	13,640	10	215	0	415
Inuit single ancestry	155	155	150	10	0	135	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 21}	2,570	2,545	2,310	1,525	770	15	235	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	2,495	2,475	2,270	1,505	760	0	200	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	50	50	25	15	0	10	25	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	15	20	0	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 22}	114,605	93,270	91,775	28,575	62,795	405	1,335	170	21,330
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 23}	107,535	86,665	85,690	26,575	58,775	335	815	155	20,875
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40,265	32,795	32,355	25,575	6,755	25	320	125	7,470
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	66,810	53,495	52,970	970	51,995	0	500	30	13,315
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	460	370	365	30	25	310	0	0	90
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 24}	7,070	6,605	6,080	1,995	4,015	70	520	10	460
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	6,805	6,370	5,895	1,960	3,935	0	460	10	435
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	120	115	100	40	20	40	20	0	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	135	110	80	0	55	25	30	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 25}	1,015,465	20,080	19,385	7,920	11,430	35	165	540	995,385
Aboriginal ancestry responses
Total - Aboriginal ancestry responses for the population in private household - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 26}	1,240,700	223,310	220,475	130,505	89,355	610	2,015	820	1,017,385
Total Aboriginal ancestry^{Census data footnote 27}	225,235	203,230	201,090	122,590	77,930	570	1,860	280	22,005
First Nations ancestry	142,820	134,660	133,300	121,015	12,200	80	1,110	245	8,165
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
Algonquin	255	190	180	110	75	0	15	0	60
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 28}	910	895	875	775	100	0	20	0	20
Apache	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
Assiniboine	70	65	60	50	0	0	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver (Dunne-za)	10	10	10	15	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 29}	325	235	235	170	65	0	0	0	95
Blood (Kainai)	15	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	10
Carrier (Dakelh)	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	320	65	50	40	15	0	15	0	250
Chilcotin (Tsilhqot'in)	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chipewyan (Denesuline)	120	120	120	90	20	10	0	0	0
Cowichan	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree	66,840	64,615	64,030	56,545	7,430	55	475	105	2,225
Dakota	3,240	3,215	3,200	3,170	35	0	15	0	25
Delaware (Lenape)	25	25	25	20	0	0	0	0	0
Dene Tha (Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 30}	1,790	1,760	1,750	1,725	20	0	10	10	25
Gitxsan	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	20	20	20	15	0	10	0	0	0
Haida	55	50	40	40	0	0	0	0	10
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	65	45	30	10	25	0	15	0	20
Innu/Montagnais	60	45	45	15	30	0	0	0	15
Iroquois, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 31}	140	70	70	20	50	0	0	0	70
Kaska	10	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakwaka'wakw (Kwakiutl)	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lakota	80	75	70	55	15	0	10	0	0
Maliseet	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	10
Mi'kmaq	1,300	730	695	345	350	0	20	20	570
Mohawk	365	280	280	215	60	0	0	0	90
Musqueam	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Navajo	30	20	20	15	0	0	0	0	10
Nisga'a	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nlaka'pamux (Thompson)	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuxalk	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odawa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	38,720	38,270	37,965	35,950	2,015	0	285	20	450
Oji-Cree	8,200	8,190	8,175	8,075	105	0	10	0	10
Okanagan (Syilx)	30	25	25	20	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Potawatomi	15	15	15	15	0	0	0	0	0
Sahtu (North Slavey)	10	10	0	0	10	0	0	0	0
Salish, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 32}	110	75	70	70	10	0	0	0	30
Saulteaux	4,555	4,505	4,410	3,995	415	0	90	10	50
Sechelt (Shishalh)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemc (Shuswap)	10	10	15	15	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sioux, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 33}	1,325	1,245	1,230	1,135	95	0	10	0	85
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St'at'imc (Lillooet)	40	40	40	15	30	0	0	0	0
Sto:lo	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney (Nakoda)	45	45	45	45	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	45	40	40	40	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 34}	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wet'suwet'en	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations ancestry, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 35}	25,865	21,735	21,335	19,210	2,115	15	310	90	4,130
Métis ancestry	91,115	76,910	75,445	5,005	70,390	45	1,425	45	14,210
Inuit ancestry	955	840	740	90	120	530	95	10	115
Non-Aboriginal ancestry	1,130,070	113,355	111,155	36,490	74,225	440	1,490	705	1,016,720
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 36}	1,240,700	223,310	220,470	130,505	89,355	610	2,020	820	1,017,390
English only	1,116,420	204,585	202,025	128,185	73,300	545	1,825	735	911,830
French only	1,315	205	200	30	170	0	0	0	1,110
English and French	107,250	18,090	17,810	1,920	15,825	65	195	85	89,160
Neither English nor French	15,715	430	430	370	60	0	0	0	15,285
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,240,700	223,310	220,475	130,505	89,360	610	2,015	820	1,017,390
English	1,183,630	214,915	212,185	129,905	81,680	600	1,945	790	968,710
French	38,270	7,840	7,745	210	7,525	10	65	30	30,430
English and French	3,505	190	180	55	125	0	0	0	3,315
Neither English nor French	15,300	360	365	335	30	0	0	0	14,940
Official language minority
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 38}	40,020	7,935	7,840	240	7,585	10	70	25	32,080
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 39}	3.2	3.6	3.6	0.2	8.5	1.6	3.5	3.0	3.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,240,700	223,310	220,470	130,505	89,355	610	2,015	820	1,017,390
Official languages	963,965	194,045	191,285	101,875	88,860	555	1,965	790	769,920
English	923,790	185,260	182,610	101,600	80,465	545	1,895	760	738,525
French	44,975	9,920	9,785	375	9,400	10	105	30	35,055
Non-official languages	302,570	32,575	32,435	31,580	780	75	105	35	269,995
Aboriginal languages	32,200	32,130	32,020	31,295	650	75	85	20	70
Algonquian languages	30,410	30,350	30,250	29,730	505	15	80	20	60
Blackfoot	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	16,000	15,965	15,910	15,685	215	10	40	15	35
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	60	60	60	60	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	105	105	105	100	10	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	880	875	865	860	0	0	10	0	10
Woods Cree	75	75	80	75	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	14,870	14,840	14,800	14,585	205	10	35	15	25
Eastern Algonquian languages	15	15	15	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,390	14,365	14,315	14,015	290	10	40	0	25
Algonquin	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	7,480	7,460	7,415	7,135	270	0	45	10	15
Oji-Cree	6,910	6,900	6,900	6,880	20	0	10	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	910	910	910	905	10	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	905	910	905	900	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	890	890	890	885	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	15	15	15	15	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	15	10	10	15	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	70	65	65	0	0	60	0	0	10
Inuinnaqtun	10	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0
Inuktitut	50	50	50	0	0	50	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	10	0	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	130	130	130	0	130	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	645	640	645	640	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	640	640	640	640	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	25	25	15	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	270,370	440	415	280	130	0	20	10	269,930
Language spoken at home
Total - Language spoken at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 41}	1,240,700	223,310	220,470	130,505	89,355	610	2,015	820	1,017,385
Official languages	1,168,770	217,590	214,760	124,925	89,230	605	2,020	810	951,185
English	1,161,355	216,570	213,755	124,875	88,275	610	2,005	805	944,785
French	41,315	7,990	7,885	645	7,200	35	90	20	33,330
Non-official languages	271,530	35,615	35,425	34,290	1,085	50	135	55	235,915
Aboriginal languages	34,825	34,710	34,560	33,865	645	50	110	35	110
Algonquian languages	33,170	33,065	32,935	32,395	540	0	100	30	110
Blackfoot	0	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	17,960	17,925	17,855	17,660	195	0	45	20	35
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	60	60	55	55	0	0	0	0	10
Plains Cree	140	145	145	140	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	815	810	795	790	10	0	15	0	0
Woods Cree	95	90	90	85	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	16,885	16,850	16,800	16,610	185	0	30	20	30
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15,235	15,165	15,095	14,750	350	0	60	10	70
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	7,625	7,560	7,495	7,175	325	0	55	10	65
Oji-Cree	7,610	7,600	7,600	7,575	25	0	0	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,045	1,045	1,050	1,045	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,040	1,035	1,035	1,040	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	1,040	1,040	1,040	1,040	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	50	50	50	10	0	50	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40	40	35	0	0	40	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	15	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	110	110	105	0	105	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	420	420	425	420	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	420	420	420	420	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	25	20	20	15	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	236,730	920	880	440	445	0	25	20	235,810
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,240,695	223,310	220,470	130,505	89,355	610	2,020	820	1,017,390
Official languages	1,224,985	222,880	220,045	130,135	89,300	610	2,020	815	1,002,100
English	1,223,670	222,680	219,840	130,105	89,125	610	2,015	820	1,000,990
French	108,565	18,295	18,015	1,950	16,000	65	190	85	90,275
Non-official languages	340,255	42,285	42,020	39,740	2,185	95	180	80	297,970
Aboriginal languages	40,465	40,280	40,105	39,090	925	90	135	40	185
Algonquian languages	38,305	38,145	37,990	37,240	735	10	120	35	160
Blackfoot	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20,975	20,910	20,820	20,480	330	10	60	25	70
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	80	80	80	80	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	190	190	190	180	15	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,140	1,140	1,125	1,110	10	0	15	0	0
Woods Cree	125	115	115	115	0	0	0	0	15
Cree, n.o.s.	19,435	19,385	19,310	18,995	305	10	45	25	50
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	17,715	17,615	17,540	17,105	435	0	65	15	95
Algonquin	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	9,680	9,600	9,520	9,115	405	0	65	15	80
Oji-Cree	8,050	8,035	8,035	8,005	25	0	0	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,120	1,120	1,120	1,110	10	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,115	1,110	1,110	1,105	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	1,110	1,110	1,110	1,105	10	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	110	100	100	10	10	85	0	0	10
Inuinnaqtun	0	10	10	0	0	10	0	0	0
Inuktitut	85	75	75	0	10	60	0	0	10
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	20	20	20	10	0	15	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	15	20	15	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	210	205	190	0	190	0	10	0	10
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	765	765	765	765	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	760	760	760	760	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	35	30	25	20	0	0	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	299,900	2,075	1,975	705	1,265	10	50	45	297,820
Mobility status
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago for the population aged 1 year and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,225,480	218,820	216,040	127,435	88,005	605	1,970	815	1,006,660
Non-movers	1,064,380	184,130	181,910	106,970	74,475	460	1,485	735	880,255
Movers	161,100	34,695	34,135	20,465	13,525	145	485	75	126,405
Non-migrants	105,095	24,025	23,615	13,900	9,675	40	365	50	81,070
Migrants	56,005	10,670	10,520	6,565	3,850	105	120	30	45,335
Internal migrants	41,310	10,565	10,420	6,530	3,785	105	120	25	30,740
Intraprovincial migrants	30,395	9,190	9,070	5,730	3,300	40	100	20	21,205
Interprovincial migrants	10,915	1,375	1,350	805	480	65	20	10	9,540
External migrants	14,700	105	100	35	65	10	10	0	14,595
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago for the population aged 5 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,161,240	199,815	197,265	114,740	81,980	545	1,795	750	961,425
Non-movers	718,640	118,540	117,230	68,875	48,060	295	840	470	600,100
Movers	442,600	81,275	80,040	45,865	33,925	250	955	280	361,325
Non-migrants	261,015	54,720	53,865	30,555	23,215	100	685	175	206,295
Migrants	181,585	26,550	26,170	15,310	10,710	155	270	110	155,040
Internal migrants	117,140	26,330	25,960	15,215	10,595	145	270	105	90,805
Intraprovincial migrants	86,300	22,495	22,210	13,215	8,945	50	210	80	63,800
Interprovincial migrants	30,840	3,830	3,745	2,000	1,645	100	65	25	27,005
External migrants	64,450	215	215	95	115	0	0	10	64,230
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,001,305	153,540	151,630	83,710	67,535	380	1,280	635	847,765
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	247,410	68,820	68,075	46,405	21,515	155	510	230	178,590
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate, no postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	220,395	63,180	62,530	43,275	19,110	145	440	210	157,205
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate, with postsecondary certificate or diploma^{Census data footnote 46}	27,025	5,640	5,545	3,130	2,400	10	70	20	21,380
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate	753,895	84,720	83,555	37,310	46,020	230	765	400	669,175
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate, no postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	296,360	41,640	41,030	19,540	21,375	115	420	190	254,715
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate, with postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 47}	457,540	43,080	42,530	17,765	24,645	115	345	205	414,460
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,001,305	153,540	151,630	83,710	67,535	380	1,280	630	847,765
No certificate, diploma or degree	220,390	63,185	62,530	43,275	19,110	145	440	210	157,210
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 49}	296,360	41,640	41,030	19,545	21,375	115	420	190	254,715
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	77,005	10,950	10,820	4,815	5,985	30	100	30	66,050
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 50}	37,485	6,045	5,980	2,950	3,020	10	45	20	31,445
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 51}	39,515	4,915	4,845	1,860	2,965	20	55	15	34,605
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	177,620	22,825	22,580	9,735	12,785	60	145	105	154,795
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	28,940	3,415	3,365	1,845	1,520	0	20	20	25,530
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	200,990	11,530	11,300	4,500	6,765	35	155	70	189,460
Bachelor's degree	143,775	9,105	8,925	3,680	5,220	25	115	65	134,675
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Census data footnote 52}	57,215	2,425	2,375	820	1,545	10	40	10	54,790
Major field of study
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,001,305	153,545	151,630	83,710	67,535	385	1,280	635	847,765
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 54}	516,745	104,820	103,560	62,815	40,485	255	855	405	411,925
Education	44,855	4,995	4,930	2,470	2,455	10	35	25	39,860
13. Education	44,855	4,995	4,930	2,470	2,455	10	40	30	39,860
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	13,170	1,040	1,015	270	745	0	20	10	12,130
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	2,415	275	265	90	175	0	10	10	2,135
50. Visual and performing arts	10,760	770	755	185	570	0	15	0	9,990
Humanities	23,030	1,530	1,495	710	785	0	20	20	21,495
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	1,775	120	120	55	70	0	0	0	1,655
23. English language and literature/letters	3,905	200	195	55	140	0	0	0	3,710
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	7,065	730	715	440	275	0	10	0	6,330
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 55}	60	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	55
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,595	55	50	15	35	0	0	0	1,535
39. Theology and religious vocations	4,510	210	205	95	115	0	0	0	4,300
54. History	3,410	170	160	45	115	0	0	10	3,245
55. French language and literature/letters	705	45	40	10	35	0	0	0	660
Social and behavioural sciences and law	46,555	4,845	4,760	2,165	2,590	0	65	20	41,710
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	880	330	315	230	85	0	15	0	550
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	3,110	250	245	85	160	0	0	0	2,860
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10,760	1,935	1,920	1,085	835	0	10	0	8,825
22. Legal professions and studies	7,130	740	725	205	520	0	10	0	6,390
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 56}	955	85	80	25	55	0	0	0	870
42. Psychology	8,155	570	550	175	370	0	15	0	7,585
45. Social sciences	15,565	940	920	350	570	0	15	10	14,625
Business, management and public administration	95,115	9,850	9,715	4,405	5,280	35	80	55	85,265
30.16 Accounting and computer science	320	55	55	30	25	0	0	0	265
44. Public administration and social service professions	7,665	2,005	1,965	1,260	695	10	30	15	5,660
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	87,125	7,785	7,695	3,115	4,555	25	45	40	79,340
Physical and life sciences and technologies	16,120	700	695	135	565	0	0	0	15,420
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	6,625	275	270	35	240	0	0	10	6,350
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	4,320	225	230	60	170	0	0	0	4,095
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 57}	465	20	20	10	20	0	0	0	440
40. Physical sciences	3,685	125	125	20	100	0	0	0	3,560
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,015	50	50	15	40	0	0	0	970
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	18,425	1,215	1,185	480	700	10	25	0	17,215
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15,220	1,045	1,025	430	595	0	25	0	14,175
25. Library science	1,140	100	100	35	60	0	0	0	1,035
27. Mathematics and statistics	1,940	65	65	10	45	0	0	0	1,880
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 58}	120	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	120
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	96,625	10,245	10,130	4,145	5,940	45	70	40	86,385
04. Architecture and related services	2,420	75	75	30	45	0	0	0	2,350
14. Engineering	16,205	435	425	205	205	10	0	0	15,775
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	17,820	1,715	1,700	615	1,080	0	10	0	16,105
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	22,160	3,650	3,635	1,810	1,805	20	20	0	18,510
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	27,485	2,905	2,865	970	1,895	0	15	25	24,580
48. Precision production	10,535	1,465	1,435	520	910	10	20	10	9,070
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	14,540	795	785	240	550	0	0	0	13,740
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	11,380	460	455	70	385	0	0	10	10,925
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,155	335	330	165	165	0	0	0	2,820
Health and related fields	87,795	8,855	8,780	3,710	5,045	20	60	20	78,940
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	4,105	335	335	115	215	10	0	0	3,770
51. Health professions and related programs	81,865	8,465	8,385	3,585	4,785	15	60	20	73,400
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	1,825	55	55	10	45	0	0	0	1,770
Personal, protective and transportation services	28,280	4,620	4,555	2,140	2,400	10	50	15	23,655
12. Personal and culinary services	16,750	2,330	2,305	955	1,345	10	30	0	14,415
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	90	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	90
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	235	20	20	10	15	0	0	0	220
43. Security and protective services	5,010	980	965	535	435	0	10	0	4,025
49. Transportation and materials moving	6,185	1,280	1,260	650	610	0	10	10	4,905
Other	65	30	30	25	0	0	0	0	30
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	65	30	30	30	0	0	0	0	30
Labour force status
Total - Labour force status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% Sample data^{Census data footnote 59}	1,001,305	153,545	151,635	83,710	67,540	380	1,275	635	847,765
In the labour force	662,155	87,815	86,720	39,430	47,055	230	760	340	574,340
Employed	617,465	74,770	73,810	30,870	42,740	200	675	290	542,695
Unemployed	44,690	13,045	12,910	8,560	4,315	30	85	50	31,645
Not in the labour force	339,150	65,730	64,915	44,285	20,480	150	515	295	273,425
Participation rate	66.1	57.2	57.2	47.1	69.7	60.5	59.6	53.5	67.7
Employment rate	61.7	48.7	48.7	36.9	63.3	52.6	52.9	45.7	64.0
Unemployment rate	6.7	14.9	14.9	21.7	9.2	13.0	11.2	14.7	5.5
Class of worker
Total - Class of worker for the labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 60}	662,150	87,810	86,715	39,430	47,055	230	760	335	574,340
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 61}	12,625	4,765	4,715	3,660	1,055	0	35	15	7,865
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 62}	649,530	83,055	82,005	35,770	46,000	230	725	320	566,475
Employee	580,890	78,270	77,335	34,435	42,685	210	660	270	502,615
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 63}	68,645	4,785	4,670	1,335	3,315	25	65	50	63,855
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Work activity during the reference year for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 64}	1,001,305	153,540	151,630	83,715	67,535	380	1,280	635	847,765
Did not work^{Census data footnote 65}	312,495	63,605	62,800	44,015	18,655	125	520	285	248,895
Worked	688,810	89,940	88,835	39,695	48,880	260	760	345	598,870
Worked full time^{Census data footnote 66}	527,015	67,950	67,185	30,250	36,780	150	505	265	459,065
1 to 13 weeks	21,025	4,740	4,695	3,050	1,630	20	35	10	16,285
14 to 26 weeks	34,820	6,385	6,310	3,405	2,900	0	60	15	28,435
27 to 39 weeks	29,620	4,660	4,635	2,185	2,435	15	20	10	24,960
40 to 48 weeks	82,745	8,940	8,790	3,730	5,030	30	105	45	73,805
49 to 52 weeks	358,795	43,225	42,750	17,880	24,780	85	290	180	315,575
Worked part time^{Census data footnote 67}	161,795	21,985	21,650	9,445	12,100	105	255	85	139,810
1 to 13 weeks	31,870	5,720	5,645	2,965	2,660	20	55	20	26,150
14 to 26 weeks	30,190	4,350	4,280	2,115	2,145	25	55	15	25,840
27 to 39 weeks	17,740	2,175	2,135	810	1,315	15	45	0	15,565
40 to 48 weeks	26,350	2,910	2,840	960	1,870	15	60	10	23,435
49 to 52 weeks	55,645	6,830	6,750	2,605	4,105	35	45	35	48,815
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	40.4	40.4	38.3	42.1	38.4	39.2	42.4	43.3
Occupation
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - for the labour force population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	662,150	87,815	86,720	39,430	47,055	235	760	335	574,340
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 69}	12,625	4,760	4,710	3,660	1,055	0	35	15	7,865
All occupations^{Census data footnote 70}	649,525	83,050	82,005	35,775	46,000	230	725	320	566,475
0 Management occupations	71,455	6,025	5,925	2,110	3,795	25	65	25	65,430
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	96,050	11,360	11,250	4,155	7,060	40	80	25	84,685
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	34,135	2,415	2,370	665	1,700	0	30	15	31,715
3 Health occupations	52,280	5,225	5,175	2,035	3,135	10	30	15	47,055
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	86,060	14,285	14,150	7,575	6,560	10	85	50	71,770
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	14,350	1,420	1,390	575	795	15	20	10	12,930
6 Sales and service occupations	144,490	20,720	20,390	9,500	10,815	75	240	90	123,770
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	102,665	16,250	16,085	6,870	9,180	35	115	50	86,415
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	18,395	2,840	2,790	1,350	1,435	10	35	15	15,560
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	29,650	2,515	2,470	935	1,530	10	20	20	27,140
Industry
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the labour Force population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 71}	662,155	87,810	86,715	39,430	47,055	235	760	340	574,340
Industry - NAICS 2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 72}	12,625	4,765	4,715	3,660	1,055	0	35	15	7,865
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 73}	649,525	83,050	82,005	35,770	46,000	235	730	325	566,475
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	28,680	2,015	1,985	800	1,185	0	20	10	26,665
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	5,460	920	905	355	540	10	0	0	4,545
22 Utilities	7,390	1,670	1,655	795	860	0	10	0	5,720
23 Construction	49,575	8,565	8,510	3,660	4,830	30	40	20	41,005
31-33 Manufacturing	54,645	4,080	4,020	1,045	2,965	10	35	30	50,560
41 Wholesale trade	21,890	1,820	1,790	355	1,420	10	20	15	20,070
44-45 Retail trade	69,705	8,400	8,285	3,445	4,800	35	95	25	61,300
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	35,490	4,090	4,015	1,440	2,550	20	50	25	31,405
51 Information and cultural industries	10,875	1,140	1,105	420	680	10	20	15	9,735
52 Finance and insurance	25,885	2,030	2,000	405	1,595	0	20	10	23,850
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	8,230	950	950	340	605	0	10	0	7,280
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	28,475	2,025	1,980	565	1,410	10	40	0	26,450
55 Management of companies and enterprises	630	30	25	0	25	10	0	10	605
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	22,280	3,450	3,390	1,600	1,775	10	40	25	18,830
61 Educational services	55,025	8,425	8,335	4,630	3,695	15	65	30	46,600
62 Health care and social assistance	93,960	13,975	13,860	7,185	6,640	30	75	45	79,985
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	12,980	1,935	1,905	935	960	0	10	15	11,045
72 Accommodation and food services	43,655	6,160	6,045	2,545	3,485	10	85	30	37,495
81 Other services (except public administration)	28,060	3,135	3,100	1,200	1,890	10	25	10	24,920
91 Public administration	46,640	8,235	8,145	4,050	4,080	15	60	25	38,410
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 74}	617,465	74,770	73,810	30,870	42,740	195	675	285	542,695
Worked at home	42,530	2,605	2,565	685	1,860	15	25	20	39,925
Worked outside Canada	1,930	110	105	25	80	0	0	0	1,825
No fixed workplace address	68,425	10,150	10,030	4,420	5,580	30	85	35	58,270
Worked at usual place	504,580	61,905	61,115	25,745	35,215	155	560	230	442,675
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	504,580	61,905	61,110	25,745	35,215	155	560	235	442,675
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	384,470	44,800	44,235	19,425	24,685	125	395	170	339,665
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	50,345	7,945	7,855	3,685	4,165	10	65	25	42,405
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	66,495	8,770	8,645	2,490	6,130	25	85	40	57,725
Commute to a different province or territory	3,275	390	380	145	235	0	10	0	2,880
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 75}	573,000	72,055	71,140	30,165	40,795	185	645	270	500,945
Car, truck, van - as a driver	431,755	49,835	49,235	18,370	30,745	115	410	195	381,920
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	40,595	7,050	6,990	3,935	3,040	15	45	15	33,545
Public transit	53,740	6,530	6,385	2,855	3,515	15	115	25	47,210
Walked	32,335	6,590	6,520	4,060	2,435	20	50	30	25,740
Bicycle	8,170	805	790	270	505	15	15	0	7,370
Other method	6,410	1,240	1,225	665	550	10	15	10	5,165
Language used at work
Total - Language used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 76}	710,830	93,930	92,750	42,085	50,400	265	820	360	616,900
Official languages	707,490	93,565	92,385	41,735	50,390	265	820	355	613,930
English	705,400	93,270	92,090	41,720	50,110	260	820	350	612,130
French	22,825	3,835	3,785	230	3,555	0	40	0	18,990
Non-official languages	39,375	9,090	9,040	8,750	280	15	30	10	30,290
Aboriginal languages	8,985	8,860	8,825	8,685	120	15	30	10	125
Algonquian languages	8,565	8,460	8,420	8,320	100	0	30	0	105
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5,300	5,250	5,225	5,170	60	0	20	0	55
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	15	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	155	135	135	135	0	0	10	0	20
Woods Cree	15	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.	5,105	5,080	5,060	5,005	55	0	15	0	20
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	3,270	3,220	3,210	3,160	45	0	10	0	50
Algonquin	0	10	0	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	1,540	1,500	1,485	1,455	30	0	10	10	45
Oji-Cree	1,725	1,715	1,715	1,705	10	0	0	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	260	255	255	255	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	260	250	255	250	0	0	0	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	260	255	255	255	0	0	0	0	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	30	15	15	0	0	15	0	0	15
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	15	15	0	0	15	0	0	15
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	25	20	25	0	15	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	110	110	105	110	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	110	110	105	110	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	30,390	225	215	60	155	0	0	10	30,165
Income statistics in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 77}	1,001,305	153,545	151,635	83,715	67,535	380	1,280	635	847,765
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	953,960	140,195	138,455	74,460	63,645	350	1,160	580	813,765
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,279	23,427	23,426	17,278	32,796	18,207	22,290	29,320	36,098
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,767	31,525	31,495	24,425	39,766	31,633	32,786	36,129	45,876
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	954,170	140,205	138,465	74,460	63,655	350	1,155	580	813,965
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,520	22,389	22,391	17,190	29,474	18,091	21,036	25,209	31,770
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,957	27,555	27,534	22,648	33,253	26,951	28,363	30,996	37,404
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	859,575	105,310	103,925	47,680	55,985	265	925	460	754,265
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,626	25,701	25,713	19,078	31,888	21,876	21,624	27,548	33,656
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,777	33,766	33,757	27,168	39,361	35,132	33,321	36,889	44,035
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	701,825	115,600	114,205	66,985	46,945	275	905	490	586,225
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,306	4,211	4,180	4,381	4,006	4,108	5,622	6,700	4,324
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,099	7,470	7,464	7,813	6,970	6,605	7,931	8,149	7,026
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	722,785	96,905	95,680	44,435	51,000	240	845	385	625,880
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,697	26,013	26,029	19,829	32,425	16,899	21,682	27,577	34,880
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,552	33,732	33,730	27,360	39,289	32,114	32,579	36,751	43,917
Employment income statistics
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 78}	1,001,310	153,540	151,630	83,715	67,535	385	1,280	630	847,765
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	350,585	41,635	41,170	16,730	24,355	85	285	180	308,945
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 80}	50,026	44,957	44,931	38,121	49,293	51,999	47,191	49,285	50,751
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 81}	59,523	50,856	50,794	43,788	55,575	60,311	56,100	56,764	60,691
Composition of total income in 2015
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 82}	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 83}	88.1	80.5	80.5	71.2	87.1	84.1	81.0	81.0	89.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 84}	73.7	74.0	74.0	66.8	79.2	69.6	72.7	66.6	73.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 85}	11.9	19.5	19.5	28.8	12.9	16.4	18.9	19.1	11.0
Total income groups in 2015
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 86}	1,001,305	153,545	151,630	83,710	67,540	385	1,280	630	847,765
Without total income	47,345	13,350	13,180	9,250	3,895	30	125	50	33,995
With total income	953,960	140,195	138,455	74,460	63,640	350	1,160	580	813,765
Percentage with total income	95.3	91.3	91.3	88.9	94.2	90.9	90.6	92.1	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	135,930	35,995	35,590	25,695	9,805	90	300	100	99,935
$10,000 to $19,999	151,550	26,615	26,265	15,675	10,500	95	215	130	124,935
$20,000 to $29,999	136,025	20,025	19,760	10,540	9,180	40	195	70	116,000
$30,000 to $39,999	124,055	15,875	15,690	7,475	8,185	30	100	85	108,175
$40,000 to $49,999	110,115	12,760	12,580	5,185	7,385	10	105	70	97,355
$50,000 to $59,999	81,580	8,715	8,615	3,265	5,315	30	65	40	72,865
$60,000 to $69,999	58,065	6,165	6,075	2,165	3,905	15	60	25	51,900
$70,000 to $79,999	43,145	4,420	4,345	1,425	2,905	10	50	30	38,720
$80,000 to $89,999	33,890	3,195	3,175	1,060	2,110	0	20	0	30,695
$90,000 to $99,999	22,000	2,070	2,045	655	1,385	0	20	10	19,930
$100,000 and over	57,610	4,365	4,315	1,315	2,975	25	30	15	53,250
$100,000 to $149,999	41,020	3,450	3,425	1,075	2,330	20	20	10	37,565
$150,000 and over	16,595	910	890	245	640	0	15	10	15,685
After-tax income groups in 2015
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,001,305	153,545	151,630	83,715	67,535	380	1,280	630	847,765
Without after-tax income	47,135	13,345	13,165	9,250	3,880	30	120	50	33,795
With after-tax income	954,170	140,200	138,460	74,460	63,655	350	1,155	580	813,970
Percentage with after-tax income	95.3	91.3	91.3	88.9	94.3	92.1	90.2	92.1	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	140,275	36,260	35,860	25,745	10,020	95	300	100	104,015
$10,000 to $19,999	162,985	27,940	27,575	16,075	11,400	100	230	130	135,045
$20,000 to $29,999	165,530	22,610	22,310	11,310	10,960	35	205	100	142,920
$30,000 to $39,999	154,185	18,665	18,445	7,995	10,410	40	130	95	135,520
$40,000 to $49,999	117,270	13,300	13,125	5,380	7,715	30	105	75	103,970
$50,000 to $59,999	77,545	8,475	8,330	2,955	5,355	20	105	35	69,080
$60,000 to $69,999	53,705	5,485	5,435	1,995	3,430	10	30	30	48,220
$70,000 to $79,999	31,945	3,065	3,050	1,150	1,900	10	20	0	28,875
$80,000 and over	50,725	4,395	4,340	1,865	2,460	20	35	20	46,325
$80,000 to $89,999	17,960	1,790	1,780	780	995	0	0	10	16,170
$90,000 to $99,999	10,240	995	980	415	565	0	10	10	9,245
$100,000 and over	22,520	1,615	1,585	675	895	10	20	10	20,905
Employment income groups in 2015
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 88}	1,001,310	153,540	151,635	83,715	67,540	385	1,275	630	847,765
Without employment income	278,525	56,640	55,955	39,275	16,535	140	435	250	221,885
With employment income	722,785	96,905	95,680	44,440	51,000	245	845	385	625,885
Percentage with employment income	72.2	63.1	63.1	53.1	75.5	63.6	66.3	61.1	73.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	90,380	16,635	16,425	10,050	6,335	40	150	55	73,740
$5,000 to $9,999	54,395	9,435	9,255	5,170	4,045	35	145	40	44,960
$10,000 to $19,999	94,065	14,305	14,135	7,095	6,985	60	100	65	79,760
$20,000 to $29,999	89,770	13,295	13,150	6,495	6,630	20	105	40	76,470
$30,000 to $39,999	88,140	10,495	10,390	4,570	5,800	20	60	45	77,650
$40,000 to $49,999	77,670	9,380	9,260	3,390	5,865	10	85	40	68,290
$50,000 to $59,999	59,510	6,680	6,585	2,410	4,160	20	60	30	52,830
$60,000 to $69,999	43,685	4,875	4,805	1,650	3,150	10	45	20	38,815
$70,000 to $79,999	34,500	3,680	3,630	1,255	2,370	10	25	15	30,820
$80,000 and over	90,675	8,135	8,045	2,355	5,655	25	60	30	82,545
$80,000 to $89,999	28,165	2,800	2,755	840	1,915	0	35	10	25,365
$90,000 to $99,999	17,810	1,725	1,705	485	1,220	0	10	10	16,090
$100,000 and over	44,695	3,615	3,580	1,035	2,520	20	20	10	41,085
Income statistics in 2015 for economic families
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 89}	341,235	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,574	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,410	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median after-tax total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,669	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,132	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	127,710	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,436	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	95,583	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,804	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,743	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	150,695	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	104,960	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,176	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,328	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,399	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.2	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	52,130	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,266	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,006	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,316	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,307	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.9	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Income statistics in 2015 for persons
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 90}	174,950	22,425	22,055	10,295	11,690	75	220	150	152,525
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 91}	33,075	23,079	23,131	17,211	31,595	11,541	20,141	32,645	34,454
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 92}	40,853	30,982	30,971	23,834	37,351	16,388	25,132	40,990	42,304
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 93}	29,559	21,920	21,976	17,151	28,240	11,541	19,249	31,878	30,555
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 94}	33,961	26,728	26,708	21,462	31,403	15,017	22,312	36,165	35,024
Economic family income decile group
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,240,695	223,310	220,470	130,505	89,360	605	2,020	820	1,017,390
In the bottom half of the distribution	686,600	161,630	159,675	109,200	50,095	375	1,405	555	524,965
In the bottom decile	151,710	65,755	65,150	53,060	11,940	155	470	135	85,955
In the second decile	135,215	34,300	33,880	23,520	10,295	65	320	95	100,920
In the third decile	135,585	25,210	24,845	15,265	9,540	40	240	125	110,375
In the fourth decile	132,255	18,830	18,555	9,805	8,720	35	185	100	113,425
In the fifth decile	131,830	17,535	17,240	7,550	9,595	90	190	105	114,295
In the top half of the distribution	554,100	61,675	60,795	21,305	39,260	230	615	265	492,425
In the sixth decile	127,460	16,270	15,995	6,290	9,655	55	195	80	111,190
In the seventh decile	124,680	14,610	14,395	5,325	9,020	50	170	45	110,070
In the eighth decile	116,685	13,385	13,230	4,330	8,860	45	100	50	103,295
In the ninth decile	105,130	10,790	10,685	3,300	7,345	40	60	45	94,335
In the top decile	80,155	6,620	6,495	2,065	4,380	40	85	45	73,535
Low-income status in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 96}	1,175,715	159,465	156,730	67,375	88,740	610	1,980	750	1,016,255
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	180,880	47,510	46,745	29,875	16,705	165	600	165	133,365
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.4	29.8	29.8	44.3	18.8	27.0	30.3	22.0	13.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	115,020	31,695	31,165	20,200	10,845	120	440	90	83,325
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.8	19.9	19.9	30.0	12.2	19.7	22.2	12.0	8.2

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 2

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 3

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 4

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 5

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 6

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit), but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 7

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

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Footnote 8

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family; Stepfamily status of couple family with children; and Relationship structure of stepfamily.

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Footnote 9

One or more grandparents of the child may also be present in the household.

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Footnote 10

In an intact family, all children are the biological or adopted children of both persons in the couple. This category also includes children living in census families for whom it cannot be determined whether it is an intact family or a stepfamily.

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Footnote 11

In a complex stepfamily, some or all of the children are step-siblings or half-siblings.

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Footnote 12

In a simple stepfamily, none of the children are step-siblings or half-siblings.

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Footnote 13

In a complex stepfamily, some or all of the children are step-siblings or half-siblings.

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Footnote 14

One or more grandparents of the child may also be present in the household.

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Footnote 15

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 16

Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 17

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 18

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 19

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 20

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Footnote 21

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 22

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 23

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 25

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 26

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry in the census. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 27

In the Census of Population, some respondents may choose to provide very specific Aboriginal ancestries, while other respondents may choose to give more general responses. This means that two respondents with the same ancestry could have different response patterns and thus could be counted as having different Aboriginal ancestries. For example, one respondent may report 'First Nations' ethnic origin while another respondent, with a similar ancestral background, may report 'Ojibway' or 'Anishinaabe' ancestry; one respondent may report 'North American Indian' while another, similar respondent, may report 'Coast Salish' or 'Cowichan.' As a result, Aboriginal ancestry data are fluid, and counts for specific origins may seem different than initially expected. Users who wish to obtain broader response counts may wish to combine data for one or more ancestries together.

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Footnote 28

Includes general responses indicating Anishinaabe ancestry (e.g., 'Anishinaabe') as well as more specific responses indicating Anishinaabe ancestry (e.g., 'Nipissing').

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Footnote 29

Includes general responses indicating Blackfoot ancestry (e.g., 'Blackfoot') as well as more specific responses indicating Blackfoot ancestry (e.g., 'Siksika,' 'Piikani').

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Footnote 30

Includes general responses indicating Dene ancestry (e.g., 'Dene').

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Footnote 31

Includes general responses indicating Iroquois ancestry (e.g., 'Iroquois,' 'Haudenosaunee') as well as more specific responses indicating Iroquois origins (e.g., 'Seneca,' 'Onondaga,' 'Tuscarora').

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Footnote 32

Includes general responses indicating Salish ancestry (e.g., 'Salish') as well as more specific responses indicating Salish ancestry (e.g., 'Coast Salish,' 'Interior Salish,' 'K'omoks,' 'Saanich').

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Footnote 33

Includes general responses indicating Sioux ancestry (e.g., 'Sioux').

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Footnote 34

Includes general responses indicating Tutchone ancestry (e.g., 'Tutchone') as well as more specific responses indicating Tutchone ancestry (e.g., 'Northern Tutchone,' 'Southern Tutchone').

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Footnote 35

Includes general responses indicating First Nations ancestry (e.g., 'First Nations,' 'North American Indian') as well as more specific responses indicating First Nations ancestry that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Passamaquoddy,' 'Crow,' 'Cheyenne,' 'Athabascan').

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Footnote 36

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 37

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

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Footnote 38

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

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Footnote 39

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Footnote 40

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 41

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 42

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 43

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 44

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 45

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate,' available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 46

Here, 'postsecondary certificate or diploma' includes the categories 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' and 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma.'

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Footnote 47

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 48

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree,' available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 49

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 50

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 51

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 52

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 53

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 54

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 55

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 56

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 57

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 58

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 59

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called 'labour force activity.'

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Footnote 60

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 61

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 62

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 63

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 64

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 65

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015, persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 66

Full time is 30 hours or more per week.

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Footnote 67

Part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 68

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 69

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 70

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday May 7, 2016 were employed, and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 71

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 72

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 73

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 74

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 75

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 76

The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 77

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 78

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 79

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 81

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 82

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 83

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 84

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 85

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 86

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 88 referrer

Footnote 89

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 91

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 92

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 93

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 94

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 95

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 96

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2018. Manitoba [Province] (table). Aboriginal Population Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-510-X2016001. Ottawa. Released July 18, 2018.
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/abpopprof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 20, 2024).

Date modified:: 2019-06-19

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Manitoba [Province]

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Aboriginal Population Profile, 2016 Census
Manitoba [Province]